Simultaneous Determination of Eight Ginsenosides in Rat Plasma by Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application to Their Pharmacokinetics

Abstract

(8) in rat plasma. The established rapid method had high linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The method has been used successfully to study the pharmacokinetics of abovementioned eight ginsenosides for the first time. After an oral administration of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (GTSSL) at a dose of 400 mg/kg, the ginsenosides 6, 7, and 8, belonging to protopanaxadiol-type saponins, exhibited relatively long t max values, suggesting that they were slowly absorbed, while the ginsenosides 1-5, belonging to protopanaxatriol-type saponins, had different t max values, which should be due to their differences in the substituted groups. Compounds 2 and 4, 3 and 5, 7 and 8 were three pairs of R/S epimerics at C-20, which was interesting that the t 1/2 of 20(S)-epimers were always longer than those of 20(R)-epimers. This pharmacokinetic identification of multiple ginsenosides of GTSSL in rat plasma provides a significant basis for better understanding the clinical application of GTSSL.

LC‐MS based metabolic and metabonomic studies of Panax ginseng

“…Further studies of ginseng and related plant products are often measured by total ginsenoside content . A high‐performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method is successfully developed and validated for the identification of eight ginsenosides . An ultra fast liquid chromatographic coupled with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method is developed for simultaneous quantification of 21 ginsenosides and their three aglycones .…”

Development of Simultaneous Analysis of Thirteen Bioactive Compounds in So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang Using UPLC-DAD

“…The method was validated for linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), specificity, precision (interday, intraday, and repeatability), and accuracy (recovery), following the guideline on Bioanalytical Method Validation [ 23 – 26 ].…”

Stereoselective and Simultaneous Analysis of Ginsenosides from Ginseng Berry Extract in Rat Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study of Ginseng Berry Extract

“…One or more active constituents can hardly be attributed to herb extract. The pharmacokinetic properties of constituents contained in an herb extract vary from that of isolated components [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The co-existing constituents show different pharmacokinetic profiles in terms of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of active constituent(s), which interfere with the efficacy and safety of an herbal mixture [ 24 , 25 ].…”

“…Although pharmacokinetic reports of ginsenosides exist [ 20 , 29 , 30 ], there is no simultaneous and steroselective analytical method to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides following oral administration of GBE. Moreover, a different part (stems-leaves of Panax ginseng [ 27 ]) and processed ginseng (red ginseng [ 30 ]) were used and the analytical method was developed only in rat urine [ 15 ]. The pharmacokinetic profile of ginsenoside Re alone in GBE was investigated [ 20 ] in previous reports.…”