Simultaneous determination of enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide by first-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography

Walily, Abdel Fattah M. El; Belal, Saied; Heaba, Eman A.; Kersh, Ali El

doi:10.1016/0731-7085(95)01346-m

Cited by 66 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These include spectrophotometric methods, [6][7][8][9] flow-injection spectrophotometric, 10 infrared method, 11 potentiometric selective membrane electrode methods, 12,13 NMR, 14 GC, 15 GCL/MS, 16 HPLC, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] capillary electrophoresis, [28][29][30][31] radioenzymic 32 and radioimmunoassay. 33 Reviewing the literature revealed that up to the present time nothing has been published concerning the CL determination of enalapril maleate.…”

Section: Enalapril [(S)-1-(n-[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-lalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Enalapril Maleate in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids Using Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)

Alarfaj

2003

ANAL. SCI.

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Enalapril maleate is a relatively new oral angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Enalapril maleate, like its first-generation relative, captopril, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Enalapril [(S)-1-(N-[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-Lalanyl)-L-proline] is a prodrug which is de-esterified in the hepatic system to an active diacid form. 2 The drug is official in the USP 24. 3 The methods of analysis of the bulk drug and its tablets are high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. It is also official in the European Pharmacopoeia 4 by a potentiometric titration method using sodium hydroxide.Other than the published analytical profile, 5 several methods have been reported for the analysis of enalapril maleate either in pure form, in pharmaceutical preparations, in biological fluids, or in mixture with other drugs. These include spectrophotometric methods, 33 Reviewing the literature revealed that up to the present time nothing has been published concerning the CL determination of enalapril maleate.Ru(bipy) 3 2+ is an extremely versatile base reactant for a variety of CL processes, and has also recently become a useful CL reagent. The process involves the oxidation of Ru(bipy)3 2+to Ru(bipy) 3 3+ , which is then followed by reduction with an analyte species to produce the emission of light. 34 There have been a variety of methods employed to obtain the active oxidized reagent Ru(bipy) 3 3+ .These include chemical, photochemical, electrochemical oxidation and in situ electrochemiluminescence.An analytical evaluation of commercially significant pharmaceutical drugs using Ru(bipy) 3 3+-CL detection has attracted considerable attention. A comprehensive review of the analytical applications of Ru(bipy) 3 3+ as a chemiluminescent reagent from 1978 to mid 1998 has been represented by Gerardi et al. 34The present paper describes the development of a simple flow-injection chemiluminometric method for the determination of enalapril maleate based on the chemical generation of Ru(bipy) 3 3+ by mixing two streams containing solutions of Ru(bipy) 3 2+ and acidic KMnO4. The experimental conditions for the reaction were optimized, and the final procedure allowed the successful determination of the studied drug in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. Experimental Apparatus and manifoldThe flow system used for the determination and CL detection of enalapril maleate is shown schematically in Fig. 1. It consisted of a Gilson Minipuls 3MP4 peristaltic pump (two channels, variable speed) which was used to drive the carrier and the reagent streams through the flow system. Each stream was pumped at a constant flow rate using PTFE tubing (0.8 mm i.d.). The drug solution (250 µl) was injected through the sample injection valve, which allowed mixing of the sample with an acidified 1 × 10 -3 mol/l KMnO4 solution, and then combination with a 1 × 10 -2 mol/l Ru(bipy) 3 2+ solution in a Tshaped piece before entering the flow cell. The flow cell was a coil made of ...

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Section: Enalapril [(S)-1-(n-[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-lalamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Enalapril Maleate in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids Using Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)

Alarfaj

2003

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Some analytical methods have been reported in the literature for the simultaneous determination of HCTZ and ENP in pharmaceutical samples, including those by chromatography [2][3][4][5] and spectrophotometry [2,3,6]. These methods require mathematical treatment of data, the use of organic solvents and usually difficult and tedious preparation of the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical evaluation and simultaneous determination of binary mixture of antihypertensives hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril in combined dosage forms using carbon nanotubes paste electrode

Salamanca-Neto

Hatumura

Tarley

et al. 2014

Ionics

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The simultaneous voltammetric determination of binary mixture containing hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and enalapril (ENP) using a multi-walled carbon nanotubes paste (MWCNTsP) electrode is reported for the first time in the literature. Compared with the glassy carbon electrode or carbon paste electrode, MWCNTsP electrode showed excellent responses for the oxidation of HCTZ and especially for ENP. Square-wave voltammetry was used to simultaneous determination of HCTZ and ENP in their binary mixture in BR buffer solution (pH 5.0), which linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 4.9×10 −7 -4.5×10 −5 mol L −1 and 5.0×10 −6 -8.3× 10 −5 mol L −1 , respectively. The detection limits were found to be 1.4×10 −8 mol L −1 and 4.1×10 −8 mol L −1 for the determination of HCTZ and ENP, respectively. The feasibility of the developed method for real sample analysis was investigated and the accuracy checked from analysis by HPLC.

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“…Literature survey revealed the estimation of ALK alone or in combination with other anti-hypertensive agents by HPLC [4], RP-HPLC [5][6][7] and UV-spectrophotometry [8]. Also, HPLC [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] , LC-MS [17], UPLC [18] and UVspectrophotometry [19] methods were reported for the estimation of HCT alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Moreover, several analytical methods have been described in literature for the determination of ALK and HCT in pharmaceutical and biological samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods for The Analysis of Aliskiren and Hydrochlorothiazide Antihypertensive Combination.

Ezzeldien

Shokry

Fouad

et al. 2013

International Journal of Advanced Chemistry

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High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and spectrophotometric methods developed for the simultaneous determination of Aliskiren (ALK) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) combination in bulk powder and in tablets dosage form. Determination of ALK and HCT was achieved by chromatographic separation on Econosphere C-18 column using a mobile phase consisting of water (pH 7.5): acetonitrile (50:50) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL.min −1 and UV detection at 208 nm. Method validation parameters were found to be acceptable over the concentrations range of 5-150 µg.mL -1 , 1-50 µg.mL -1 for ALK and HCT respectively. Regarding the spectrophotometric methods, two methods were employed. Simultaneous Equation method, absorbance readings are taken at two wavelengths 277.48 nm (for ALK) and 267.48 nm (for HCT) in methanol. Dual Wavelength method, the difference between absorbance readings are taken at two wavelengths 273.3 nm, 260 nm (for Aliskiren) and 270 nm, 280 nm (for HCT) in methanol. The applied spectrophotometric methods were found to be rapid, specific, precise and accurate over the concentration range of 5 -150 µg.mL -1 and 1 -41 µg.mL -1 for ALK and HCT respectively and can be applied for the routine analysis of these drugs in bulk, and combined dosage form without any interference by the excipients.

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Simultaneous determination of enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide by first-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 66 publications

References 8 publications

Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Enalapril Maleate in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids Using Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)

Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Enalapril Maleate in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids Using Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)

Electrochemical evaluation and simultaneous determination of binary mixture of antihypertensives hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril in combined dosage forms using carbon nanotubes paste electrode

Application of Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods for The Analysis of Aliskiren and Hydrochlorothiazide Antihypertensive Combination.

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