Simultaneous determination of formate and acetate in whole blood and urine from humans using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Determination of bromide in whole blood and urine from humans using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…The water samples containing bromide were determined over the concentration range 0.16-1.6 mg/l, however, derivatization was interfered within the presence of 50 mg/l carbonate. Since human whole blood contains over 1000 mg/l carbonate, further investigation was made based on conditions used for derivatization [20]. We derivatized bromide in whole blood and urine using PFB-TsO instead of PFBBr as the alkylating agent.…”

“…Funazo et al [18,19] have attempted simultaneous determination of inorganic anions including bromide with pentafluorobenzyl ptoluenesulphonate (PFB-TsO), however, these reports are not available concerning determination of bromide in biological materials. We developed a simple procedure to determine formate and acetate [20] in whole blood and urine, using pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFBBr) as the alkylating agent. We therefore tried to derivatize bromide in whole blood and urine based on this procedure.…”

Determination of fluoride in human whole blood and urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) can identify drugs and poisons using both their retention times and mass spectra; therefore, it is very common in forensic toxicological examinations. However, no methods are reported to determine fl uoride in biological materials by GC-MS. We have developed a simple procedure to determine formate, acetate [23], and bromide [24] in whole blood and urine as pentafl uorobenzyl derivatives. In this report, we describe a simple GC-MS method to determine fl uoride in whole blood and urine developed by improving the above derivatization techniques [23,24].…”

Co-cultivation of the strictly anaerobic methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri with aerobic methanotrophs in an oxygen-limited membrane bioreactor

“…Acetate concentrations were determined according to the protocol described by Kage and co-workers with the following modifications: An internal standard (IS) was prepared by dissolving 0.1 mM methylstearate (MS) in n-hexane (Kage et al 2004). For each reaction, 40 μl supernatant sample, 40 μl 0.5 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS 65 mM NaCl, 5 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4 (80% Na 2 HPO 4 and 20% NaH 2 PO 4 )), and 200 μl pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFBBr) in acetone at a concentration of 100 mM were mixed and incubated for 1 h at 60 °C.…”