Simultaneous determination of four organotins in food packaging by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Food metabolomics: from farm to human

“…Food packaging materials have been analyzed using GC/MS [65], LC/MS [66] and NMR [67] for monitoring possible contaminants and spoilage in packaging materials in contact with food. Furthermore, metabolomics has been used for evaluating packaging types and for monitoring food freshness [68].…”

Simultaneous determination of three organotin pesticides in fruits and vegetables by high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

“…In addition, since July 2010, tri‐substituted OTCs have been strictly restricted to a maximum concentration equivalent to 0.1% by weight of tin in all consumer products in the European Union (EU) . In a recent report published by the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, OTCs were declared as priority endocrine‐disrupting chemicals of concern in food …”

“…Unfortunately, many previous studies focused on industrially used OTCs, with little attention paid to agriculturally‐relevant OTCs . Variable amounts of OTCs have been detected in vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk, meat, wine, and food packaging . International maximum residue limits (MRLs) have been established by Codex Alimentarius and the EU for many food commodities, with some MRLs as low as 50 μg kg −1 .…”

O desregulador endócrino, dibutilestanho, é um antagonista de PPAR-alfa em ensaios de gene repórter

“…Refer ( Figure -6) for the structures of dibutyltin compounds. Dibutyltin has been detected in drinking water due to the leaching of PC plastic pipes [18] and in food due to the migration from plastics to the food materials [19]. Studies with human natural killer cells demonstrated that the higher concentration of DBT showed decreased tnf-α secretion, while the low concentration showed an increase in secretion.…”

“…Later on it was found that addition of certain organotin compounds could prevent it. Organotin compounds have been detected in drinking water due to the leaching property from the PVC pipes [18] and in plastic covered food materials due to its leaching property from plastic materials [19]. Various studies suggest that organotin compounds have been detected in fish.…”