Simultaneous determination of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in river water by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

Abstract

The gas chromatography/mass spectrometric assay method was developed for the determination of 13 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in river water. Extraction was achieved by a liquid-phase extraction procedure using methylene chloride. The extract was reacted for 30 min at 80°C based on the formation of methyl ester with 1.0 M HCl in methanol and extraction of the derivative with ethyl acetate, which was then measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification of NSAIDs was 1.0-60 ng/L and the calibration curve showed linearity being greater than r=0.997. The method was used to analyze ten river water samples from various regions in Korea. Diclofenac, indoprofen, ketoprofen and loxoprofen were detected at concentration of up to 1.29 μg/L in river water. The developed method may prove valuable for use in the national monitoring project of NSAIDs in surface water.

Simultaneous extraction and determination of trace amounts of diclofenac from whole blood using supported liquid membrane microextraction and fast Fourier transform voltammetry

“…Because of the broad clinical application of DIC, designing simple, quick, and sensitive technique for its determination seems to be necessary . Spectrophotometry , potentiometry , and chromatography can be mentioned as some of the conventional methods used for the quantitative determination of DIC.…”

“…Because of the broad clinical application of DIC, designing simple, quick, and sensitive technique for its determination seems to be necessary [3]. Spectrophotometry [4], potentiometry [5], and chromatography [6][7][8][9] can be Abbreviations: CPE, carbon paste electrode; DIC, diclofenac; FESEM, Field emission SEM; FFTSCV, fast Fourier transform stripping cyclic voltammetry; FSSLM, flat sheet liquid membrane; LR, linear range; PBS, phosphate-buffered solution; RGO, reduced graphene oxide; SLM, supported liquid membrane Conflict of interest: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.…”

Occurrence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in surface waters of Central Italy by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Many authors have published research papers and reviews [20,28,29] on this topic. Wastewaters are the most studied branches [30][31][32][33][34][35], followed by surface [36][37][38][39][40] and drinking waters [41,42], while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are the techniques of election. Only a small part of literature has been dedicated to groundwater, especially in the past years [43,44].…”

Pressurized liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to determine pharmaceuticals in mussels

“…Several analytical methodologies have been described for the determination of pharmaceuticals in different environments. Water bodies and sediments have been extensively studied and several reviews have been published on this issue . In recent decades, the coastline has become a highly anthropogenic environment and, thus, a certain amount of pollution may be expected in its marine coastal waters.…”