Simultaneous Electromagnetic Measurement of Blood Flow in the Major Coronary Arteries

Kolin, Alexander; Ross, Gordon; Gaal, Peter G.; Austin, S. W.

doi:10.1038/203148a0

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Systolic flow in the branches of the left coronary artery was often appreciable and sometimes amounted to as much as 45% of diastolic flow. The instantaneous flow pattern of the right coronary artery was similar to that obtained by us in a previous study (Kolin, Ross, Gaal & Austin, 1964).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Coronary Blood Flow Before and After Beta‐adrenergic Blockade

Gaal

Kattus

Kolin

et al. 1966

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are conflicting reports regarding the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the coronary circulation. Some studies (Feinberg & Katz, 1958; Denison, Bardhanabaedya & Green, 1956) have indicated that these agents are solely coronary vasodilators, while others (Berne, 1958) have suggested that their primary action is vasoconstriction and that the increased coronary flow usually observed is secondary to metabolic changes associated with stimulation of the myocardium. Berne (1958) has stated that previous failures to demonstrate primary vasoconstriction may have been due to inadequate methodology. The present paper reports the use of electromagnetic flow meters and non-cannulating probes to determine the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on coronary arterial flow. The method enables rapid flow changes to be detected with minimum disturbance to the coronary vascular bed and also permits evaluation of changes in extravascular compression induced by the amines. Further clarification of the adrenergic mechanisms was obtained by comparing the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline before and after blockade of the beta-adrenergic receptors by pronethalol and propranolol. METHODSFourteen dogs weighing 18-28 kg were used. Technically satisfactory results were obtained in 12. Anaesthesia was produced by intravenous sodium pentobarbitone 30 mg/kg. After a median sternotomy, the pericardium was opened and the ascending aorta and 1-2 cm lengths of the proximal parts of the right coronary artery and the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery were separated from adjacent tissues. Blood flow in these vessels was measured simultaneously by gated sine-wave electromagnetic flow meters (Kolin & Kado, 1959) with non-cannulating probes (Cox, Arora & Kolin, 1963). In three dogs flow was also measured in the left circumflex coronary artery. Zero flow levels for the coronary arteries were obtained by momentarily occluding each artery immediately distal to its probe. Electrical zeros were not used. The baselines were frequently checked throughout the procedures. The probes were calibrated with saline delivered by a gravity feed.Pressure in the ascending aorta was recorded via a catheter inserted into a common carotid artery and positioned just distal to the aortic probe.Positive pressure ventilation was maintained by a Bird Mark 8 respirator, which delivered a mixture of oxygen and atmospheric air. The oxygen content of the mixture was approximately 40%.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Coronary Blood Flow Before and After Beta‐adrenergic Blockade

Gaal

Kattus

Kolin

et al. 1966

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, this technique was abandoned because the equipment was difficult to use, the accuracy of the results was questionable and there was a poor understanding of how to interpret the implications of the results. [20][21][22][23] Recently, Canver and colleagues compared EMF measurement with transit-time measurements and found that the EMF measurements were consistently higher and more difficult to obtain due to difficulties obtaining proper fit of the probe and good contact with the vessel wall. Some centers test the flow capacity of grafts after the distal anastamosis is completed by attaching the proximal end of the graft to a roller pump and measuring the maximum flow rate at a predetermined maximal inflow pressure (usually 100-150 mmHg).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-operative quality assessment of coronary artery bypass grafts

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) failure is a troubling complication that may result in a wide range of problems, including refractory angina, myocardial infarction, low cardiac output, arrhythmia, and fatal heart failure. Early graft failures are related to poor quality and size of the distal native vascular bed, coagulation abnormalities, or technical problems involving the graft conduits and anastomoses. Unfortunately, graft failure is difficult to detect during surgery by visual assessment, palpation, or conventional monitoring. We evaluated the accuracy and utility of a transit-time, ultrasonic flow measurement system for measurement of CABGs. There were no differences between transit-time measurements and volumetric-time collected samples in an in vitro circuit over a range of flows from 10 to 100ml/min (Bland and Altman Plot, 1.96 SD). Two hundred and ninety-eight CABGs were examined in 125 patients. Graft flow rate was proportional to the target vessel diameter. Nine technical errors were detected and corrected. Flow waveform morphology provided valuable information related to the quality of the anastamosis, which led to the immediate correction of technical problems at the time of surgery.

show abstract

“…For example, by extending the sensor numbers and spectral bands, real-time flow monitoring at multiple spatial positions shall be accomplished. Thanks to the great design and fabrication flexibility, the system can be adjusted to fit the various situation demands, e.g., blood vessels pressure [71,72] and Magnus force in aerodynamics. [73]…”

Section: Extreme Sensing On Flow Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber‐Integrated Force Sensor using 3D Printed Spring‐Composed Fabry‐Perot Cavities with a High Precision Down to Tens of Piconewton

Shang,

Wang,

Cao

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Developing microscale sensors capable of force measurements down to the scale of piconewtons is of fundamental importance for a wide range of applications. To date, advanced instrumentations such as atomic force microscopes and other specifically developed micro/nano‐electromechanical systems face challenges such as high cost, complex detection systems and poor electromagnetic compatibility. Here, it presents the unprecedented design and 3D printing of general fiber‐integrated force sensors using spring‐composed Fabry‐Perot cavities. It calibrates these microscale devices employing varied‐diameter m‐scale silica particles as standard weights. The force sensitivity and resolution reach values of (0.436 ± 0.007) nmnN‐1 and (40.0 ± 0.7) pN, respectively, which are the best resolutions among all fiber‐based nanomechanical probes so far. It also measured the non‐linear airflow force distributions produced from a nozzle with an orifice of 2 m, which matches well with the full‐sized simulations. With further customization of their geometries and materials, it anticipates the easy‐to‐use force probe can well extend to many other applications such as air/fluidic turbulences sensing, micro‐manipulations, and biological sensing.

show abstract

Simultaneous Electromagnetic Measurement of Blood Flow in the Major Coronary Arteries

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Coronary Blood Flow Before and After Beta‐adrenergic Blockade

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Coronary Blood Flow Before and After Beta‐adrenergic Blockade

Intra-operative quality assessment of coronary artery bypass grafts

Fiber‐Integrated Force Sensor using 3D Printed Spring‐Composed Fabry‐Perot Cavities with a High Precision Down to Tens of Piconewton

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About