Simultaneous flow-injection assay of creatinine and creatine in serum by the combined use of a 16-way switching valve, some specific enzyme reactors and a highly selective hydrogen peroxide electrode

Yao, Takeshi; Kotegawa, Kazuya

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00343-4

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To counteract interference from endogenous creatine at the second step of the catalytic cycle, researchers have used the dual-sensor approach, which measures and subtracts the response for creatine from creatinine. [28][29][30][31][32][33] Amperometry usually requires a system consisting of a reference, a counter (auxiliary), and working electrodes. The most common reference electrodes are the Ag/AgCl or the saturated Hg 2 Cl 2 ; the counter electrode is usually an inert metal such as platinum or stainless steel.…”

Section: Amperometric Creatinine Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,21,28,29,31,[33][34][35][36][37][38] It is obvious that platinum has provided a highly catalytic surface where H 2 O 2 oxidation can proceed at an accelerated rate. Although composite materials are a cheaper alternative, they do not reach the operational standards that precious metal surfaces are capable of.…”

Section: Amperometric Creatinine Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,33 As with most of the entrapment methods described earlier, integration of a membrane is a significant part of the enzyme electrode because the membrane rejects interferences and protects the enzyme layer.…”

Section: Enzyme Immobilization For Amperometric Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Yao et al found that a bare platinum electrode without surface modification was inadequate at rejecting interferences, as demonstrated by the large response to electroactive species such as L-ascorbate, urate, and L-cysteine in serum. 31 The system compared a perfluorosulfonated Nafion film, a poly(1,2-diaminobenzene) film, and their hybrid film against the bare platinum electrode for the selective detection of H 2 O 2 . The hybrid-coated electrode was more effective at excluding L-ascorbate and urate.…”

Section: Membrane Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Creatinine Biosensors

2008

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To measure creatinine, electrochemical techniques have been coupled with a range of biological recognition elements in a variety of sensor configurations. (To listen to a podcast about this feature, please go to the Analytical Chemistry website at pubs.acs.org/ac.The measurement of creatinine levels in human blood or urine is clinically essential because the levels partially reflect the state of renal and muscle function. Creatinine is naturally produced by the body and is filtered from the bloodstream by the kidneys in relatively constant amounts every day. The normal physiological concentration is 40-150 µM, but it can exceed 1000 µM in certain pathological conditions. Blood levels >150 µM indicate the need to perform tests such as creatinine clearance. Values >500 µM indicate severe renal impairment, ultimately leading to dialysis or transplantation; 1 levels <40 µM indicate decreased muscle mass.The methods most often used for the clinical determination of creatinine are based on colorimetry. 2 However, the methods are affected by numerous metabolites and drugs found in biological samples, such as glucose, fructose, ketone bodies, ascorbic acid, and cephalosporins. 3,4 Introducing enzymes has increased specificity, but the methods also became complicated and less reliable. Large and expensive benchtop analyzers incorporating a number of electrochemical electrodes have been used in central clinical laboratories. Portable and handheld devices incorporating a single-use creatinine biosensor cartridge also have been used.The goal of biosensor engineering in the clinical laboratory setting is to reduce cost, time, and complexity of routine analysis of biological fluids; to enable near-patient testing of blood, urine, and saliva in medical centers; and ultimately to enable home testing by individuals. 5 This article looks at the developments in electrochemical creatinine biosensor research in terms of sensor design and analytical performance on the basis of the recognition element and the nature of transducer. Parameters and specific performance characteristics to consider include cost (<$10/ sensing strip), response time (<1.5 minutes [min]), detection limit (e10 µM), linear range (10-1000 µM), and lifetime (>1 year).

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Section: Amperometric Creatinine Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amperometric Creatinine Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzyme Immobilization For Amperometric Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Creatinine Biosensors

2008

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“…Äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ êðåàòèí³íó ðîçðîáëåíî òàêîae ðÿä ³íñòðóìåí-òàëüíèõ ìåòîä³â. Öå âèñîêîåôåêòèâíà ð³äèííà õðîìàòîãðàô³ÿ [4][5][6][7], ³îííà õðîìàòîãðàô³ÿ [8][9], ì³öåëÿðíà åëåêòðîê³íåòè÷íà õðîìàòîãðàô³ÿ [10][11][12], õðîìàòîãðàô³÷íèé ìåòîä ³ç çàñòîñóâàí-íÿì ôëóîðåñöåíòíèõ ³íäèêàòîð³â [13], êàï³ëÿð-íèé åëåêòðîôîðåç [14], êàï³ëÿðíèé çîíàëüíèé åëåêòðîôîðåç [15][16][17][18], êàï³ëÿðíèé ³çîòàõîôîðåç [19], òàíäåìíà ìàñ-ñïåêòðîìåòð³ÿ [20]. Ïðîòå âñ³ ö³ ìåòîäè äîñèòü ñêëàäí³ é íåïðèäàòí³ äëÿ âèì³ðþâàííÿ êîíöåíòðàö³é êðåàòèí³íó â ðå-aeèì³ ðåàëüíîãî ÷àñó.…”

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