Simultaneous Improvement of Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties of Titanium Oxide Ceramic Thermoelectric Materials

Thermal plasma-synthesized gray-black TiO2 with abundant oxygen vacancies for high-efficiency solar desalination

“…The presence of oxygen vacancies contributed to a partial reduction in heat loss within the layered structure. 45,46 Additionally, the utilization of modified PVDF sponge and air, both characterized as poor thermal conductors, resulted in a more concentrated heat distribution within the layer, minimizing heat transfer to other mediums. Heat was efficiently transferred directly from the particles to the water within the water-conductive channels due to the synergistic effect of the oxygen vacancies.…”