Simultaneous Lightwave Information and Power Transfer in Underwater Visible Light Communications

Dual-Hop Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System With Simultaneous Lightwave Information and Power Transfer

“…The corresponding relationship between D r , θ t , and m can be found in [20]. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the solution in (31), the comparison between the optimal position (OP) and the exact maximum of γ is presented in Fig. 2 and Fig.…”

“…2. It is observed that the difference between OP and the maximum point is negligible, therefore the simplified equation in (31) is very important to save computational effort while maintaining accuracy. In general, the optimal solution performs well in all conditions we have considered.…”

“…(12) Note that the receiver of the relay node works in information decoding mode for a duration of T 1 = βT . Taking a time average for the SLIPT strategy, the BER is obtained as [30], [31] BER t = βBER.…”

Energy-Aware Underwater Optical System With Combined Solar Cell and SPAD Receiver

“…information from the transmitted optical waves while easing the alignment requirements [7]- [9]. Specifically, the authors of [7], [8] illustrate experiments for underwater self-powered systems by a solar panel that switches its operation to shift between the two operational modes.…”

“…Specifically, the authors of [7], [8] illustrate experiments for underwater self-powered systems by a solar panel that switches its operation to shift between the two operational modes. In [9], an optimization study based on time switching between both modes in solar cells is developed to maximize the energy harvesting subject to a minimum error probability. However, using solar cells at optical receivers limits significantly the communication performance due to its low bandwidth.…”