Simultaneous Liquefaction and Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignocellulosic Biomass over NiMo/Al2O3, Pd/Al2O3, and Zeolite Y Catalysts in Hydrogen Donor Solvents

Grilc, Miha; Likozar, Blaž; Levec, Janez

doi:10.1002/cctc.201500840

Cited by 96 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The major products include 4-ethylphenol (1), acetosyringone (2), 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol (3), 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene (4), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (5), guaiacol (6), 4-ethyltoluene (7), ethylbenzene (8), 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol (9), phenol (10), 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (11), and p-tolualdehyde (12), and contents of compounds 1-6 are relatively high. Figures 8 and 9 show the quantitative analysis of the products.…”

Section: Hydrogen Transfer Reaction Of Lignin By the Two-step Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin polymer can be degraded to aromatic hydrocarbons by contact with a powerful catalyst under hydrogen gas atmosphere. Due to the high cost and risk when high pressure hydrogen gas (30-100 bar) is used, it is critical that lignin polymer can be converted into aromatic compounds at high conversion rate and selectivity under mild conditions without using hydrogen gas [11,12]. At present, there have been reports that lignin or its model compounds can be converted or degraded by hydrogen transfer reactions in absence of hydrogen gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-step hydrogen transfer catalysis conversion of lignin to valuable small molecular compounds

Yan

2017

Green Processing and Synthesis

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Abstract:As the major composite of biomass, lignin can be utilized as feedstock for valuable chemicals, especially phenols. Catalysis hydrogenation of lignin is an attractive route for the conversion. However, most of them require hydrogen gas under high pressure which is dangerous. Hydrogen transfer reaction provides an alternative route to degrade and hydrogenate lignin or its units to small molecular compounds. Here, a two-step method has been employed using Raney Ni and Pd/C catalysts consecutively for hydrogen transfer catalysis for lignin. The results reveal that lignin can be degraded efficiently about 90% during conversion, and the major products are phenols with ~30% in yield. It provides a new green method for converting natural lignin to valuable chemicals.

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Section: Hydrogen Transfer Reaction Of Lignin By the Two-step Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-step hydrogen transfer catalysis conversion of lignin to valuable small molecular compounds

Yan

2017

Green Processing and Synthesis

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“…Traditional hydrotreating catalysts, such as Co-MoS2 and Ni-MoS2, have been among the most tested catalysts for HDO of bio-oil [6,[9][10][11][12][13][14]. This group of catalysts is already industrially established for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of crude oil [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation of Ni-MoS2 by bio-oil impurities during hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and octanol

Mortensen

Gardini

Damsgaard

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis A: General

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Deactivation of Ni-MoS2 by bio-oil impurities during hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and octanol, Applied Catalysis A, General http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.apcata.2016.06.002 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Graphical abstractHighlights  Impurities as Cl, S, and K found in bio-oil will deactivate or inhibit MoS2-type catalyst by competing for the active sites  MoS2-based catalysts will produce sulfur containing hydrocarbons during HDO, but these can be removed again if a sufficiently high residence time is used enabling desulfurization of the product  Chlorine binds more strongly to the active sites of MoS2 based catalysts compared to H2O and H2S, while K irreversibly deactivates the catalyst 3 AbstractThe stability of Ni-MoS2/ZrO2 toward water, potassium, and chlorine containing compounds during hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of a mixture of phenol and 1-octanol was investigated in a high pressure gas and liquid continuous flow fixed bed setup at 280°C and 100 bar. To maintain the stability of the catalyst, sufficient co-feeding of a sulfur source was necessary to avoid oxidation of the sulfide phase by oxygen replacement of the edge sulfur atoms in the MoS2 structure. However, the addition of sulfur to the feed gas resulted in the formation of sulfur containing compounds, mainly thiols, in the oil product if the residence time was too low. At a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 4.9 h -1 the sulfur content in the liquid product was 980 ppm by weight, but this could be decreased to 5 ppm at a WHSV of 1.4 h -1 . A high co-feed of sulfur was needed when water was present in the feed and the H2O/H2S molar ratio should be below ca. 10 to maintain a decent stability of the catalyst. Chlorine containing compounds caused a reversible deactivation of the catalyst when co-fed to the reactor, where the catalytic activity could be completely regained when removing it from the feed. Commonly, chlorine, H2O, and H2S all inhibited the activity of the catalyst by competing for the active sites, with chlorine being by far the strongest inhibitor and H2S and H2O of roughly the same strength. Dissimilar, potassium was a severe poison and irreversibly deactivated the catalyst to <5% degree of deoxygenation when impregnated on the catalyst in a stoichiometric ratio relative to the active metal. This deactivation was a result of adsorption of potassium on the edge vacancy sites of the MoS2 slabs.

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“…[17][18][19] Nevertheless, recent advancement of extraction technology revealed that subcritical water or ionic liquid which act as a good hydrogen donor solvent, could effectively recover polyphenolic compounds from lignocellulosic biomass or plant material using hydrothermal treatment. [20][21][22] This study was focused on the investigation of rutin recovery from the crude extract of Labisia pumila var. Alata using different percentages of methanol as the eluent in C18 reversed phase SPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Rutin from Labisia pumila Extract Using Solid Phase Extraction

Chua

Ruzlan

Sarmidi

2017

ACSi

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Reflux extraction was used to prepare crude extract from the leaves of Labisia pumila var. Alata using 60% methanol. The crude extract was subsequently fractionated by C18 solid phase extraction to recover high yield of rutin using 20-100% methanol. The volume of eluent to recover rutin was found to decrease with the increase of methanol concentration. The recovery of rutin was increased from 20 to 80% methanol system, but slightly decreased in the 100% methanol system. Approximately, 70% of rutin could be recovered using the 80% methanol system. This solvent system also appears to have the lowest distance (9.44 MPa 1/2 ) for rutin as estimated by Hansen solubility. The recovered rutin rich fraction could achieve up to 3.96 mg/g of fraction which was about 4-fold increment from the crude extract. The increment was also noticed for its antioxidant capacity expressed as scavenging activity which was 2 times higher than crude extract. A portion of water (20%) in the 80% methanol system is important to improve the yield of rutin. Rutin is a glycosylated flavonol, and therefore a small portion of water could enhance its elution compared to the lower performance of 100% methanol in rutin recovery.

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Simultaneous Liquefaction and Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignocellulosic Biomass over NiMo/Al₂O₃, Pd/Al₂O₃, and Zeolite Y Catalysts in Hydrogen Donor Solvents

Cited by 96 publications

References 25 publications

Two-step hydrogen transfer catalysis conversion of lignin to valuable small molecular compounds

Two-step hydrogen transfer catalysis conversion of lignin to valuable small molecular compounds

Deactivation of Ni-MoS2 by bio-oil impurities during hydrodeoxygenation of phenol and octanol

Recovery of Rutin from Labisia pumila Extract Using Solid Phase Extraction

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