Simultaneous measurement of salinity, temperature and pressure in seawater using optical fiber SPR sensor

Zhao, Yong; Wu, Qi-lu; Zhang, Yanan

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2019.07.020

Cited by 133 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Optical fiber pressure sensors have been developed with various sensitivities from ~0.004 nm/MPa (Xu et al, 1993) up to ~50 nm/MPa (Liu et al, 2018) by measuring the optical spectral shift with respect to pressure change. By varying the structure of the fiber interferometer, simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure or salinity in a single sensor can be achieved (Zhao et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2022a). A similar fiber interferometer was also reported by micromachining an in-line cavity to realize temperature and salinity sensing (Flores et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Submarine Optical Fiber Sensing System for the Real-Time Monitoring of Depth, Vibration, and Temperature

et al. 2022

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Ocean observation becomes increasingly important as the ocean climate changes diversely and the marine disasters (such as tsunamis, typhoon, and earthquakes) occur frequently, which typically requires widespread and reliable monitoring techniques. In such a scenario, this paper presents a submarine optical fiber sensing system to realize real-time monitoring of the environmental parameters. The system consists of an undersea optical interrogation module together with multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors, particularly for the measurement of depth, vibration, and temperature. The experimentally demonstrated sensitivities of the pressure, temperature, and vibration sensors are -1.993 nm/MPa, 0.08 nm/°C, and 0.139 nm/g (g = 9.8 m/s2), corresponding to the resolutions of 0.25 kPa, 0.006°C, and 0.004 g, respectively, based on the interrogation resolution of ~0.5 pm. To verify the feasibility and reliability of the proposed submarine sensing system, a prototype was developed and a proof test under the sea was conducted in an area close to Pearl River Estuary in China. The achieved results from the sea test show promising accuracy that is comparable to the commercially available electric-based sensors. Good characteristics of the surface water wave were observed by conducting the fast Fourier transform of the measured depth change, which shows a dominant frequency of ~0.25 Hz. The system provides the flexibility of replacing various optical fiber sensors easily and the capability of real-time monitoring in a remote way. The demonstrated submarine sensing system could find potential applications in real-time monitoring of the undersea ecosystem and the environmental evolution where multiparameter sensing is in demand.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Submarine Optical Fiber Sensing System for the Real-Time Monitoring of Depth, Vibration, and Temperature

et al. 2022

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“…Since SPR technology entered the field of vision of researchers in 1970s, it has developed four basic coupling types of prism type, fiber type, grating type and optical waveguide type, showing unique application value in many fields [5][6][7]. Optical fiber SPR sensor has attracted considerable attention because of its compact structure and low loss compared with prism type or grating type [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analyses of Liquid-Core Fiber Optic SPR Sensor with Nano-Porous Sio2 as Inner Coating

Meng¹,

Luo²,

Yi³

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In this paper, a novel type of liquid-core fiber optic SPR sensor with a nano-porous SiO2 inner coating is proposed. The nano-porous SiO2 is deposited on the inner wall of the quartz tube. Due to the flexible and adjustable refractive index of the deposited material, the RI detection range of the sensor is expanded. The simulation results show that the proposed sensor owns good responses in both low and high refractive index regions, with the corresponding RI sensitivities of 1043.71 nm/RIU and 1234.86 nm/RIU respectively, while the FWHM is only about 20 nm. There are some potential applications for the proposed sensor in environmental monitoring, biochemical detection, food safety etc.

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“…In metal-coated PCF, SPR is formed when the phase-matching condition is fulfilled, which means that the surface plasmon polarization (SPP) mode and fundamental mode belong to the same propagation constant at a specific wavelength [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The surface plasmon effect is one of the excellent characteristics of metal-coated PCF, which is broadly used for chemical sensing [ 16 ], gas sensing [ 17 ], bio-sensing [ 18 ], pressure sensing [ 19 , 20 ], metamaterial absorption [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], biochemical reaction measuring [ 24 ], and solar energy absorption [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF2-Coated Nano Metal Films

et al. 2021

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A plasmonic material-coated circular-shaped photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed to explore the optical guiding performance of the refractive index (RI) sensing at 1.7–3.7 μm. A twin resonance coupling profile is observed by selectively infiltrating liquid using finite element method (FEM). A nano-ring gold layer with a magnesium fluoride (MgF2) coating and fused silica are used as plasmonic and base material, respectively, that help to achieve maximum sensing performance. RI analytes are highly sensitive to SPR and are injected into the outmost air holes of the cladding. The highest sensitivity of 27,958.49 nm/RIU, birefringence of 3.9 ×10−4, resolution of 3.70094 ×10−5 RIU, and transmittance dip of −34 dB are achieved. The proposed work is a purely numerical simulation with proper optimization. The value of optimization has been referred to with an experimental tolerance value, but at the same time it has been ensured that it is not fabricated and tested. In summary, the explored C-PCF can widely be eligible for RI-based sensing applications for its excellent performance, which makes it a solid candidate for next generation biosensing applications.

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Simultaneous measurement of salinity, temperature and pressure in seawater using optical fiber SPR sensor

Cited by 133 publications

References 26 publications

Submarine Optical Fiber Sensing System for the Real-Time Monitoring of Depth, Vibration, and Temperature

Submarine Optical Fiber Sensing System for the Real-Time Monitoring of Depth, Vibration, and Temperature

Numerical Analyses of Liquid-Core Fiber Optic SPR Sensor with Nano-Porous Sio2 as Inner Coating

Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF2-Coated Nano Metal Films

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