Simultaneous separation, concentration and determination of trace fluoroquinolone antibiotics in environmental samples using a polymer aqueous two‐phase system coupled with HPLC

Abstract

BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolone antibiotics and their metabolites can accumulate in soil and water. Trace amounts of fluoroquinolone antibiotic residues in the environment necessitate the pretreatment of samples prior to analysis. In this work, a polyoxyethylene cetyl ether (POELE20)–NaH2PO4 aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS) was combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate and determine trace quantities of ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NRF) and pefloxacin (PEF) in environmental samples. RESULTS Single‐factor, multi‐factor, reproducibility and accuracy experiments were performed. The extraction efficiencies and enrichment factors for the three antibiotics were above 90 and 13.8%, respectively, under optimal conditions. The recovery efficiency of CIP was 92.08–99.50%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.60–6.34%, and the recovery efficiency of NRF and PEF was 93.40–99.30%, with RSD of 0.98–5.16%, when this method was applied to spiked water and soil samples. The RSDs of intra‐ and inter‐day analyses were 1.56–3.42 and 1.33–3.97%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that POELE20–NaH2PO4 ATPS coupled with HPLC was suitable for the simultaneous separation, concentration and determination of trace quantities of CIP, NRF and PEF in environmental samples. Moreover, this method can be applied for the determination of trace fluoroquinolone antibiotics in food samples. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Theoretical Aspects and Applications of Aqueous Two‐Phase Systems

“…Sun et al [134] separated and identified trace amounts of ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NRF), and pefloxacin (PEF) in environmental samples using the polyoxyethylenecetyl ether/ NaH 2 PO 4 ATPS combination with HPLC. The recovery efficiency of CIP was 92.08-99.50 %, and that of NRF and PEF was 93.40-99.30 %, respectively.…”

Strongly coupled interface facilitating charge separation to the improved visible light-driven hydrogen production on CdS@polydopamine/NiS photocatalyst

“…The further development and application of hydrogen energy need to be achieved by preparing efficient, stable, and inexpensive photocatalytic materials. [1][2][3][4] However, unsatisfactory visible light absorption capacity and easy recombination of photo-generated charge carriers are still the key factors to restrict the reinforcement of photocatalytic performance. 5,6 Numerous studies have shown that well-matched band alignments and effective construction methods of semiconductor materials can largely improve the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.…”

Determination of quinolone antibiotics in honey by pH-induced natural deep eutectic solvent combined with vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

“…Therefore, it is important to establish a sensitive and efficient method for the detection of antibiotic residues in honey. 10 Among the reported literature studies, several analytical methods have been established for the detection of trace compounds in food, which include high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 1,2,[11][12][13][14] liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), 6,[15][16][17] microbial assays-HPLC, 8 b-CD/ATP composite-HPLC, 5 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 18 capillary electrophoresis (CE), 4,19 and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC). 7 Microbial assays require the cultivation or purchase of different microorganisms, and microorganisms have strict requirements on the living environment.…”

“…In contrast, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which also has the advantages of rapidity, efficiency, automation and high sensitivity, is widely used for the analysis of honey. 14 However, honey, one of the most complex natural foods, contains approximately 200 substances, and higher levels of compounds such as reducing sugars, phenols and pigments can produce strong matrix disturbances. 5 Also, since the antibiotic residues in honey are at low levels, extraction and concentration are required prior to liquid phase analysis.…”