Simultaneous speciation of inorganic selenium and antimony in water samples by electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following selective cloud point extraction

The use of cloud point extraction and hydride generation for improving the Sb and Se limits of detection in ICP OES

“…In this case, PN was employed because L-cysteine produces Se species that are not reactive in the HG system. The reduction of Se(VI) was carried out according to the procedure described by Li et al 7 (with L-cysteine 0.5% (m/v) and heating at 100 °C for 25 min). Subsequently, the solution was submitted to CPE.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Cloud point extraction is based on micelles formation and subsequent separation. Micellar aqueous solution is produced by addition of surfactant whose concentration in the solution must ensure the formation of micelle aggregates; the final surfactant concentration must exceed the critical micelle concentration (CMC).…”

“…Triton x-114 has been used as surfactant whereas 2 , 3 -d i a m i n o n a p h t a l e n e ( DA N ) , 4 diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), 7 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB), 8 o-phenylenediamine 9 and N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine (BPHA) 13 have been used as complexants. These complexants react specifically with Se(IV) and/or Sb(III).…”

Determination of cadmium in rice and water by tungsten coil electrothermal vaporization-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and tungsten coil electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction

“…It has also been reported that surfactants may deteriorate the analytical performance of CE in some cases [15]. In fact, a recent new trend for the development of CPE has been focused on the hyphenation of CPE with detection schemes with both microsampling volume and good sensitivity, for example, thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry [22][23][24] and electrothermal vaporization ICP-MS [25,26], for further improving the performance of these techniques. Elimination of the side-effects of surfactants while retaining the analyte-enrichment at the same time is highly appreciated in the eventual measurements.…”

Heat-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae for antimony speciation and antimony(III) preconcentration in water samples

“…To achieve the required limit of detection, hydride generation (HG) is generally added as postcolumn derivatization to preconcentrate the species and allow their separation from the matrix. Aside these techniques, separation/preconcentration methods based on co-precipitation [10], liquid-liquid extraction [11][12][13], or solid phase extraction (SPE) on chemical sorbents [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] have been proposed. SPE is the most convenient technique for on-line determination but most protocols are multistep and time-consuming.…”