Simultaneous suppression of three genes related to brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis altered campesterol and BR contents, and led to a dwarf phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana

Chung, Ho Yong; Fujioka, Shozo; Choe, Sung Sik; Lee, So‐Youn; Lee, Youn Hyung; Baek, Nam In; Chung, In Sik

doi:10.1007/s00299-010-0830-z

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Among 24 BR-inactivating unigenes, the transcript abundances of three unigenes ( CYP709B2 , UGT73D1 or BAS1 ) were markedly increased in sprouted seeds and then decreased to various degrees in germinated seeds. The expression of CYP85A1 , which encodes a protein that catalyzes the later steps of brassinolide biosynthesis, is feedback-regulated and is reportedly up-regulated in a CYP90B1 -containing triple mutant [40]. In the RNA-interference triple mutant, a decreas in CYP90B1 - DET2 - SMT2 transcription was observed to alter the contents of BR intermediates, but not seed germination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genes regulating the germination of morphophysiologically dormant Paris polyphylla seeds during a warm stratification

et al. 2019

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We previously analyzed the expression of genes associated with Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed maturation and dormancy release; however, we were unable to clarify the relationship between gene expression levels and these processes. To reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying P . polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed dormancy release during a warm stratification, the transcriptomes of dormant and germinating P . polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds were separately analyzed by RNA sequencing and were also compared with the transcriptomes of stem-leaf and root tissues harvested during the seed maturation stage. The RNA sequencing of five tissues generated 234,331 unigenes, of which 10,137 (4.33%) were differentially expressed among the analyzed tissues. The 6,619 unigenes whose expression varied among mature dormant, sprouted, and germinated seeds included 95 metabolic and 62 signaling genes related to abscisic acid, gibberellin, auxin, brassinosteroid, cytokinin, ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. Additionally, 243 differentially expressed genes were annotated as known seed dormancy/germination-related genes. Among these genes, 109 were regulated by hormones or involved in hormone signal transduction. Finally, 310 transcription factor unigenes, including 71 homologs of known seed dormancy/ germination-related genes, were observed to be differentially expressed during a warm stratification. These results confirm that multiple hormones and transcription factors influence P . polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed dormancy release and germination during a warm stratification. This study identified candidate genes (e.g., ABI5 ) that should be cloned and functionally characterized regarding their effects on the release of P . polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed morphophysiological dormancy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genes regulating the germination of morphophysiologically dormant Paris polyphylla seeds during a warm stratification

et al. 2019

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“…Also the plastically regulated gene STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 ( SMT2 At1g20330) that is annotated to the enriched GO categories is also located under the chromosome 1 HTR and is locally regulated. smt2 mutants are affected in sterol composition of the membrane and in the biosynthesis of brassinosteroid hormones (BR; Chung et al, 2010). Together with auxin, this hormone is required for the SAS in response to low light (Kozuka et al, 2010; Keuskamp et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetical Genomics Reveals Large Scale Genotype-By-Environment Interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana

Snoek¹,

Terpstra²,

Dekter³

et al. 2013

Front. Gene.

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One of the major goals of quantitative genetics is to unravel the complex interactions between molecular genetic factors and the environment. The effects of these genotype-by-environment interactions also affect and cause variation in gene expression. The regulatory loci responsible for this variation can be found by genetical genomics that involves the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for gene expression traits also called expression-QTL (eQTLs). Most genetical genomics experiments published so far, are performed in a single environment and hence do not allow investigation of the role of genotype-by-environment interactions. Furthermore, most studies have been done in a steady state environment leading to acclimated expression patterns. However a response to the environment or change therein can be highly plastic and possibly lead to more and larger differences between genotypes. Here we present a genetical genomics study on 120 Arabidopsis thaliana, Landsberg erecta × Cape Verde Islands, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) in active response to the environment by treating them with 3 h of shade. The results of this experiment are compared to a previous study on seedlings of the same RILs from a steady state environment. The combination of two highly different conditions but exactly the same RILs with a fixed genetic variation showed the large role of genotype-by-environment interactions on gene expression levels. We found environment-dependent hotspots of transcript regulation. The major hotspot was confirmed by the expression profile of a near isogenic line. Our combined analysis leads us to propose CSN5A, a COP9 signalosome component, as a candidate regulator for the gene expression response to shade.

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“…For example, overexpression of DWARF4, which encodes an enzyme that catalyzes a rate-limiting step in BR biosynthesis, enhances plant growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis (Choe et al, 2001), while down-regulation of BR biosynthesis by RNA interference of biosynthetic genes results in a semidwarf phenotype (Chung et al, 2010). Similarly, transgenic rice plants overexpressing a sterol C-22 hydroxylase that catalyzes a key step in BR biosynthesis had increased levels of BR hormone intermediates downstream of 6-deoxo-cathasterone, and plants had higher rates of CO 2 assimilation, more tillers, and increased biomass and seed yields by 14% to 44% (Wu et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhancing Arabidopsis Leaf Growth by Engineering the BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 Receptor Kinase

Sun

et al. 2011

Plant Physiology

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The BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) receptor kinase has recently been shown to possess tyrosine kinase activity, and preventing autophosphorylation of the tyrosine-831 regulatory site by site-directed mutagenesis enhances shoot growth. In this study, we characterized the increased leaf growth of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants expressing BRI1(Y831F)-Flag compared with BRI1-Flag (both driven by the native promoter and expressed in the bri1-5 weak allele background) and provide insights into the possible mechanisms involved. On average, relative leaf growth rate was increased 16% in the Y831F plants (in the bri1-5 background), and the gain of function of the Y831F-directed mutant was dominant in the wild-type background. Leaves were larger as a result of increased cell numbers and had substantially increased vascularization. Transcriptome analysis indicated that genes associated with brassinolide biosynthesis, secondary cell wall biosynthesis and vascular development, and regulation of growth were altered in expression and may contribute to the observed changes in leaf architecture and whole plant growth. Analysis of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence indicated that Y831F mutant plants had higher rates of photosynthesis, and metabolite analysis documented enhanced accumulation of starch, sucrose, and several amino acids, most prominently glycine and proline. These results demonstrate that mutation of BRI1 can enhance photosynthesis and leaf growth/vascularization and may suggest new approaches to increase whole plant carbon assimilation and growth.Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential plant steroid hormones that regulate multiple aspects of growth and development, including cell elongation, cell division, vascular differentiation, seed germination, timing of senescence, male fertility, and organ formation (Clouse and Sasse, 1998; Altmann, 1999;Nakaya et al., 2002;Gonzalez et al., 2010). It is known that BRs bind to the BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) receptor kinase, which functions in conjunction with the coreceptor BRASSINOSTEROID-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) in hormone perception and signal transduction Nam and Li, 2002). The BR signal transduction pathway ultimately controls the phosphorylation status of the transcription factors BZR1 and BZR2/BES1 in the nucleus (Kim et al., 2009) and thereby regulates the expression of more than 700 genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; Goda et al., 2002;Mü ssig et al., 2002;Vert et al., 2005). Many specific components of the signal transduction pathway have been identified and have recently been reviewed (Kim and Wang, 2010;Tang et al., 2010).BRs are now considered essential chemical signals and plant hormones, and accordingly, manipulation of endogenous BR content or BR signaling has a profound effect on plant growth. For example, overexpression of DWARF4, which encodes an enzyme that catalyzes a rate-limiting step in BR biosynthesis, enhances plant growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis (Choe et al., 2001), while down-regulation of BR biosynthesis...

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Simultaneous suppression of three genes related to brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis altered campesterol and BR contents, and led to a dwarf phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genes regulating the germination of morphophysiologically dormant Paris polyphylla seeds during a warm stratification

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genes regulating the germination of morphophysiologically dormant Paris polyphylla seeds during a warm stratification

Genetical Genomics Reveals Large Scale Genotype-By-Environment Interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana

Enhancing Arabidopsis Leaf Growth by Engineering the BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 Receptor Kinase

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