Simultaneous tuning of methanol crossover and ionic conductivity of sPEEK membrane electrolyte by incorporation of PSSA functionalized MWCNTs: A comparative study in DMFCs

Preparation, characterization and properties of PVDF-g-PAMPS/PMMA- co -PAMPS/silica nanoparticle as a new proton exchange nanocomposite membrane

“…In fact, the state of absorbed water and its amount are key determinants of the predominant mechanism of proton conduction across membrane. Referring to the literatures [1,4,29], the Grotthuss mechanism and vehicular diffusion as the predominant modes of proton conduction were proposed to describe the proton conduction. In the vehicle mechanism, the proton diffusion across membrane occurs in combination with solvent molecules as proton carriers.…”

“…The incorporation of various types of nanofiller to prepare candidate nanocomposite membrane for PEM fuel cells has been shown to be able to enhance membrane properties and improved proton conductivities at low relatively humidity [4]. In addition, the sulfonic acid functionalized nanofillers can be induced the continuous ion transport channels in polymer matrix [4]. Another approach to enhance the membrane performance is polymer blending [3].…”

“…In another approach, nanofiller materials have been used to modify polymeric membranes in order to make them ideal candidates for PEM. The incorporation of various types of nanofiller to prepare candidate nanocomposite membrane for PEM fuel cells has been shown to be able to enhance membrane properties and improved proton conductivities at low relatively humidity [4]. In addition, the sulfonic acid functionalized nanofillers can be induced the continuous ion transport channels in polymer matrix [4].…”

“…For this reason, most studies in the field of PEMFCs have been extensively focused on the introducing of new polymeric membranes. Different strategies have been followed to introduce new polymeric membranes using non-fluorinated polymers as alternative materials [2], blend modification [3] and nanofillers [4]. Non-fluorinated polymers such as poly(arylene ether ketone) [5], polysulfone (PSU) [6] or polybenzimidazole (PBI) [7] and their sulfonated counterparts have been extensively studied as alternative materials because of their rigid aromatic backbones which favor high thermal stability, good mechanical strength, and reasonable chemical durability.…”

Proton exchange membranes with microphase separated structure from dual electrospun poly(ether ketone) mats: Producing ionic paths in a hydrophobic matrix

“…Some of the most widely used are: poly(ether ketone)s [6,7], poly(ether sulfone)s [8,9], polyimides [3,10], polybenzimidazoles [11], styrenic polymers [12], poly(phosphazene)s [13], poly(phenyl quinoxaline) [14] and so on. In spite of numerous efforts to find a suitable alternative polymer, the proton conductivity of prepared membranes in most of these studies is still lower than that of PFSAs.…”