Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid by Use of Integrated Array of Screen-Printed Electrodes and Chemometric Tools

Abstract

In the present work, ternary mixtures of Acetaminophen, Ascorbic acid and Uric acid were resolved using the Electronic tongue (ET) principle and Cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The screen-printed integrated electrode array having differentiated response for the three oxidizable compounds was formed by Graphite, Prussian blue (PB), Cobalt (II) phthalocyanine (CoPc) and Copper oxide (II) (CuO) ink-modified carbon electrodes. A set of samples, ranging from 0 to 500 µmol·L−1, was prepared, using a tilted (33) factorial design in order to build the quantitative response model. Subsequently, the model performance was evaluated with an external subset of samples defined randomly along the experimental domain. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS) was employed to construct the quantitative model. Finally, the model successfully predicted the concentration of the three compounds with a normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 1.00 and 0.99 for the training and test subsets, respectively, and R2 ≥ 0.762 for the obtained vs. expected comparison graphs. In this way, a screen-printed integrated electrode platform can be successfully used for voltammetric ET applications.

Optimization of Sensors to be Used in a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue Based on Clustering Metrics

“…Finally, in order to benchmark the performance of the current proposed ET which is based on an optimized sensor array, its performance is compared to the one reported in previous works in which the same mixtures were analyzed ( Table 2 ) [ 12 , 23 , 34 ]. To this aim, the root mean square error (RMSE) and its normalization (NRMSE) were also calculated to obtain a global metric of the system performance.…”

“…Such modifiers were selected taking into account previous studies with ETs. Prussian blue is well-known to be an electron mediator in the development of many biosensors, which has also been used in the development of ETs [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The usage of nanoparticles has emerged as an alternative to the respective bulk metals given its higher surface/mass ratio and improved electrochemical properties [ 13 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Copper Based Organic Framework Modified Electrosensor for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Ciprofloxacin

“…CPE is comprised of two components; CPEÀ T and CPEÀ P. CPEÀ T represents pseudo capacitance which is also denoted by Q and CPEÀ T is related to semi-circle in the Nyquist plot and denoted by the notation 'n'. The value of factor n is adjustable and n = 1 is obtained in case of pure capacitor whereas n ¼ 6 1 represents depressed semicircle due to surface heterogeneity [61]. In our case, CPE is used instead of capacitor due to non-ideal nature of electrode surface.…”

Sensor Platform with a Custom‐tailored Aptamer for Diagnosis of Synthetic Cannabinoids

“…Since aptamers can regain target binding ability upon denaturation, aptasensors can be regenerated and reused. For this purpose, treatment with urea or a combination of NaCl and heat denaturation have been used. Although aptamers are now being widely used in many sensors, the aptamers to detect SCs have not yet been developed and the relevant aptasensor system is yet to be designed.…”