Simultaneously enhance both the flame retardancy and toughness of polylactic acid by the cooperation of intumescent flame retardant and bio-based unsaturated polyester

Li, Defu; Zhao, Xi; Jia, Yun-Wan; He, Limo; Wang, Xiuli; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108961

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Therefore, it is essential to improve the fire safety of PP. In recent years, intumescent flame retardant (IFR) is recognized as one of the most prospective environment‐friendly flame retardants because it performed well in blocking the flame and inhibiting the molten drop as well as the smoke release by forming multicellular swollen char 1–4 . The better quality of the char layer means higher flame‐retardant efficiency of IFR 5–7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐alkoxyamine‐containing macromolecular intumescent flame‐retardant‐decorated ZrP nanosheet and their synergism in flame‐retarding polypropylene

Chen

Lai

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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High‐efficiency macromolecular intumescent flame retardant (MIFR) is urgently demanded but of great challenge. In this work, a novel N‐alkoxyamine‐containing MIFR‐decorated zirconium phosphate (ZrP) nanosheet (denoted as RQMIFR‐ZrP) was synthesized and combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to endowed polypropylene (PP) with excellent flame retardancy. With the addition of 6.3 wt% RQMIFR‐ZrP and 18.7 wt% APP, PP classed a UL‐94 V‐0 rating with a high LOI value of 39.5%. Moreover, the peak heat release rate, the total heat release, the peak of CO production, and the peak of CO2 production of PP/RQMIFR‐ZrP/APP decreased by 94.0%, 83.2%, 91.3%, and 91.7%, respectively. It revealed that RQMIFR‐ZrP not only generated nitroxyl radicals (NO•) to suppress the chain degradation of PP but also promoted to form high‐quality intumescent char layers with the catalytic carbonization and layered barrier effect of ZrP nanosheet, which effectively prevented PP from burning. This work provides a new approach to preparing high‐performance flame‐retardant polymer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐alkoxyamine‐containing macromolecular intumescent flame‐retardant‐decorated ZrP nanosheet and their synergism in flame‐retarding polypropylene

Chen

Lai

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…This is because during combustion, the N-containing component generates noncombustible NH 3 gas, which can not only dilute the concentration of both oxygen and fuel, slowing the combustion in the gas phase, but also act as blowing agents to promote the formation of an intumescent P-containing carbonaceous layer as a barrier against heat in the condensed phase . To date, many kinds of P/N-containing flame retardants have been developed for PLA and are largely classified into multicomponent intumescent flame retardants, − single-component FRs, such as modified ammonium polyphosphate (APP), − phosphazene, − phosphoramides, − and nanohybrids of nanomaterials and P/N compounds. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Pot, Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Polyphosphoramide as an Eco-Benign and Effective Flame Retardant for Poly(lactic acid)

Feng

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Despite many merits, biobased and biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) suffers from inherently high flammability, significantly impeding its practical applications in the areas of packaging, fibers, electric and electronics, etc. Phosphoramidesbased flame retardants have demonstrated exceptional flame retardancy in PLA only at very low loading levels. Unfortunately, exiting synthetic processes of phosphoramides often involve the use of a huge amount of organic solvents, presenting a potential threat to the ecosystem and human beings, in addition to high production costs. Herein, we report a one-pot, solvent-and catalyst-free, and green approach for the synthesis of a polyphosphoramide (DM-H) via two-step polycondensation between dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA). As-synthesized DM-H exhibits exceptional flame-retardant efficiency in the PLA while preserving the mechanical properties of the PLA. The addition of only 2 wt % DM-H enables the PLA to achieve a desirable V-0 rating during vertical burning tests and a high limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 29.7%, because the DM-H can act both in the gas and condensed phases. Moreover, the tensile strength is of 59.7 MPa comparable to 62.1 MPa of the bulk PLA. This work offers an innovative and green approach for the synthesis of polyphosphoramides to create high-performance sustainable PLA materials with balanced flame retardancy and mechanical performances.

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“…[18][19][20] Usually, to achieve the good flame retardancy effect, the loading of flame retardant is above 20%, which can greatly reduce the mechanical properties of PLA composites. [21][22][23] One way to reduce the loading of flame retardant is to add another component as synergist to improve the flame retardancy of PLA composite. Synergistic flame retardants such as APP/resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate), APP/CSi-MCA/NiO, DiDOPO/SiO 2 , APP/Ni-MOF, and CNCA-DA/APP have been developed and exhibited high flame retardancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy of biodegradable polylactic acid with piperazine pyrophosphate and melamine cyanurate as flame retardant

Chen

Xia²,

Wang

et al. 2022

Journal of Fire Sciences

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A flame-retardant polylactic acid composite added with piperazine pyrophosphate and melamine cyanurate was developed. Piperazine pyrophosphate and melamine cyanurate showed synergistic effect in the polylactic acid composites. When the weight ratio of piperazine pyrophosphate to melamine cyanurate was 4:1 and the loading of the piperazine pyrophosphate/melamine cyanurate flame retardant was 15 wt.%, the prepared polylactic acid composites passed V-0 rating in the UL-94 test and achieved the high limit oxygen index value of 34.9%. The cone calorimeter test result confirmed that the addition of piperazine pyrophosphate/melamine cyanurate flame retardant reduced the total heat release value of polylactic acid. The effect of polylactic acid biodegradation on the flame retardancy of polylactic acid composite was further discussed. The biodegraded polylactic acid, which was exposed to the air for 8 months, showed high flame retardancy and even passed V-0 rating in the UL-94 test without the addition of piperazine pyrophosphate/melamine cyanurate flame retardant, which proved that biodegradation could affect the flame retardancy of polylactic acid.

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Simultaneously enhance both the flame retardancy and toughness of polylactic acid by the cooperation of intumescent flame retardant and bio-based unsaturated polyester

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

N‐alkoxyamine‐containing macromolecular intumescent flame‐retardant‐decorated ZrP nanosheet and their synergism in flame‐retarding polypropylene

N‐alkoxyamine‐containing macromolecular intumescent flame‐retardant‐decorated ZrP nanosheet and their synergism in flame‐retarding polypropylene

One-Pot, Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Polyphosphoramide as an Eco-Benign and Effective Flame Retardant for Poly(lactic acid)

Flame retardancy of biodegradable polylactic acid with piperazine pyrophosphate and melamine cyanurate as flame retardant

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