Simvastatin Effects on Inflammation and Platelet Activation Markers in Hypercholesterolemia

Barale, Cristina; Frascaroli, Chiara; Senkeev, Rouslan; Cavalot, Franco; Russo, Isabella

doi:10.1155/2018/6508709

Cited by 53 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(49 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Presumably, one of the causes may have been the statin therapy, as 96% of our patients received statins. There are reports of reductions in circulating IL-6 concentrations in patients taking statins [28,29]. They decrease the production and release of IL-6 in the endothelium and leukocytes [28,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of statins vary in their potency of IL-6 release inhibition and the type of cells they affect [31,32]. Statins, apart from LDL-cholesterol lowering, exert pleiotropic effects on endothelial function, vascular inflammation, immunomodulation, and thrombogenesis, and therefore they prevent cardiovascular events, ameliorate the prognosis of patients affected by acute MI, as well as reduce the risk of restenosis after angioplasty [29]. Statins may have an anti-inflammatory effect on hsCRP level [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Over the last two decades, many studies have investigated the association between interleukin 6 (IL-6) and pathogenesis and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with CAD manifested at a young age are a particularly interesting group. They differ from older patients, not only in terms of the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis, but also risk factor profiles, short- and long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The role of IL-6 in younger patients with CAD is less well-known. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the relationship between IL-6 level and other inflammations, atherosclerosis, and cardiac function parameters in early onset CAD patients. Methods: The study covered 100 patients with early onset CAD and a group of 50 healthy participants. Plasma levels of IL-6 and basic biochemical parameters, anthropometric, echocardiographic, and arteries Doppler ultrasound measurements were performed. Results: We did not observe a significant difference in IL-6 concentration in plasma between patients with early onset CAD and a control group, but IL-6 level was negatively correlated with echocardiographic measurements of ascending aorta diameter, left ventricular shortening fraction, and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter in our patients. Conclusions: In patients with early onset CAD, plasma IL-6 level is associated with other inflammation parameters and with cardiac function, potentially contributing to right ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. This suggests possible prognostic benefits of long-time observation of IL-6 level after the acute coronary syndrome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Platelets from patients with hypercholesterolemia show hyperaggregability, increased fibrinogen binding and surface expression of CD62P, increased production of TXA 2 and superoxide anion, whereas plasma derived from the same patients contains increased concentrations of platelet activation markers, such as soluble sCD-40L, PF-4, sP-selectin, and β-thromboglobulin [182][183][184]. Many of these impaired platelet parameters of platelet aggregation and activation are corrected by lipid-lowering treatments.…”

Section: Role Of Dyslipidemia In the Impaired Platelet Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro and in vivo studies show that statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and the most relevant drugs used to lower serum cholesterol levels, due to their pleiotropic effects decrease subclinical inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, platelet aggregation, and activation [185][186][187][188][189], improving platelet sensitivity to NO [178], and aspirin [184], but not to GLP-1 [178]. The causes of the enhanced platelet hyperaggregability and the defective GLP-1 actions in dyslipidemia can be multifactorial, although the strong correlation with LDL underlines the role of cholesterol as a major determinant of platelet hyperreactivity with a putative role also in the impaired response to GLP-1.…”

Section: Role Of Dyslipidemia In the Impaired Platelet Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors on Platelet Function

Barale

Russo

2020

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Platelets are key players in the thrombotic processes. The alterations of platelet function due to the occurrence of metabolic disorders contribute to an increased trend to thrombus formation and arterial occlusion, thus playing a major role in the increased risk of atherothrombotic events in patients with cardiometabolic risk factors. Several lines of evidence strongly correlate metabolic disorders such as obesity, a classical condition of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose homeostasis with cardiovascular diseases. The presence of these clinical features together with hypertension and disturbed microhemorrheology are responsible for the prothrombotic tendency due, at least partially, to platelet hyperaggregability and hyperactivation. A number of clinical platelet markers are elevated in obese and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, including the mean platelet volume, circulating levels of platelet microparticles, oxidation products, platelet-derived soluble P-selectin and CD40L, thus contributing to an intersection between obesity, inflammation, and thrombosis. In subjects with insulin resistance and T2DM some defects depend on a reduced sensitivity to mediators-such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin-playing a physiological role in the control of platelet aggregability. Furthermore, other alterations occur only in relation to hyperglycemia. In this review, the main cardiometabolic risk factors, all components of metabolic syndrome involved in the prothrombotic tendency, will be taken into account considering some of the mechanisms involved in the alterations of platelet function resulting in platelet hyperactivation.

show abstract

“…In this context administration of simvastatin at a dose of 20 mg/daily for 6 weeks to hypercholesterolemic patients resulted in significantly decreased concentrations of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of isolated blood neutrophils (178). These anti-platelet activities of statins have also been described in the clinical setting, albeit in newly-diagnosed patients with primary hypercholesterolemia treated with simvastatin (179). In this study, Barale et al observed that aside from improved lipid profiles, administration of simvastatin was associated with significant reduction in ADP-and collagen-activated platelet aggregation ex vivo, as well as reductions in systemic biomarkers of platelet activation, including sCD62P, sCD40L, plateletderived growth factor BB and RANTES.…”

Section: Statinsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Feldman

Anderson

2020

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world with much recent and ongoing research focused on the occurrence of cardiovascular events (CVEs) during the infection, which are associated with adverse short-term and long-term survival. Much of the research directed at unraveling the pathogenesis of these events has been undertaken in the settings of experimental and clinical CAP caused by the dangerous, bacterial respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), which remains the most common bacterial cause of CAP. Studies of this type have revealed that although platelets play an important role in host defense against infection, there is also increasing recognition that hyperactivation of these cells contributes to a pro-inflammatory, prothrombotic systemic milieu that contributes to the etiology of CVEs. In the case of the pneumococcus, platelet-driven myocardial damage and dysfunction is exacerbated by the direct cardiotoxic actions of pneumolysin, a major pore-forming toxin of this pathogen, which also acts as potent activator of platelets. This review is focused on the role of platelets in host defense against infection, including pneumococcal infection in particular, and reviews the current literature describing the potential mechanisms by which platelet activation contributes to cardiovascular complications in CAP. This is preceded by an evaluation of the burden of pneumococcal infection in CAP, the clinical features and putative pathogenic mechanisms of the CVE, and concludes with an evaluation of the potential utility of the anti-platelet activity of macrolides and various adjunctive therapies.

show abstract

Simvastatin Effects on Inflammation and Platelet Activation Markers in Hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 53 publications

References 45 publications

Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease

Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease

Influence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors on Platelet Function

Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About