“…In most cases of AT entrapment, the AT is compressed distally by ligamentous structures such as the interosseous membrane and ankle extensor retinaculum, but can be compressed proximally by myotendinous structures such as fibrous bands from the plantaris muscle. 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 Surgical release of a high proximal origin of the AT artery with entrapment symptoms has been described in a couple of cases, both with resection of a portion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius—one via an unspecified approach including resection of the popliteus and in another case via a posterior approach including the plantaris rather than the popliteus. 14 , 15 Our patient's case of a high AT bifurcation with entrapment by the popliteus muscle released via popliteus without gastrocnemius resection describes successful treatment through a posterior exploratory approach and targeted complete release, which we use for all cases of PAES at our institution.…”