Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800

Miksic, John N.

doi:10.2307/j.ctv1nthqk

Cited by 71 publications

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“…), East Asian “ Mediterranean ” and East Asian Maritime World ; Gipouloux, Asian Mediterranean; G. Wang, ‘Two‐Ocean Mediterranean’, 69–84. See also Lockard, ‘Sea Common to All’, 220–221; Miksic, Singapore and Silk Road. For the broader Southeast Asian context of transregional trade and Chinese migration see Lockard, Southeast Asia; Lieberman, Strange Parallels.…”

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Chinese Migration and Settlement in Southeast Asia Before 1850: Making Fields From the Sea

Lockard

2013

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Human migration is a central theme in world and Asian history, but important cases, among them Chinese who emigrated to other countries between ca. 1000 and 1850 CE, have been somewhat neglected in the migration literature. Since the mid‐19th century, millions of Chinese migrated temporarily or permanently to other countries, making these migrants and their descendants a vital presence in the world economy and in the population of many nations. Today, more than 30 million people of Chinese ancestry or ethnicity live outside of Greater China, over 20 million of them in Southeast Asia. But this emigration has a much longer history, the subject of recent scholarly interest that has enriched our knowledge and is the focus of this essay. It has been said of the maritime trading and fishing peoples of southern China that they made fields from the sea. Enterprising and adaptable, Chinese have long sailed to Southeast Asia to trade, many of them settling permanently. By 1400, Chinese trade networks linked Southeast Asian trading ports to China and to each other. Chinese settlers eventually became dominant in the commercial sector in many societies, including most Western colonies, in Southeast Asia. Increasing numbers of migrants arrived to trade or mine for tin and gold, ushering in a “Chinese century” in the Southeast Asian economies from around 1700 into the mid‐1800s. Over the centuries some Chinese married local women, serving as cultural brokers between China and Southeast Asia and fostering hybrid communities. Others maintained their cultural heritage. After 1850, millions more left China. Chinese immigrants and their descendants built the foundations for a widespread modern diaspora and transnational connections. The emigrant flow from China continues, continuing a human behavior – migration – that has a long history in Asia.

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Chinese Migration and Settlement in Southeast Asia Before 1850: Making Fields From the Sea

Lockard

2013

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“…Collectively these contemporary sources lend credence to notions of variable networked 'borderless' east-west transits in the pre-1500 eastern Indian Ocean, and a sense of an inclusive Indian Ocean passageway that is portrayed in early Chinese maps (Miksic 2013;Wade 2015Wade , 2016. …”

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“…Current studies that address the inclusive eastern Indian Ocean realm have moved beyond thinking in terms of absolute societal boundaries to better understand the variability of early eastern Indian Ocean networked communities. What is now known as Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia, among others, are modern spatially defined regional polities that are legacies of colonial-era boundary divisions that were intended to contain heterogeneous regional populations who had previously had greater opportunity for fluidity (Manguin 2002;Miksic 2013;Whitmore 2017b). The eastern Indian Ocean region in the pre-1500 age was by nature an area of few impenetrable physical or human boundaries with extensive coastlines and riverine systems that connected upstreams and downstreams to a variety of coastal ports as depicted in early regional chronicles (Hall 2001;Wade 2009Wade , 2013Gaynor 2013).…”

Section: Sojourning and Residential Trade Communities In The Pre-1500mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, historians have been reluctant to identify early Southeast Asian portpolities as legitimate cities, on the grounds that they might only have a large seasonally resident population dictated by monsoon wind patterns, but were the continuous homes of only a small number of year-round occupants (Wheatley 1983;Wisseman-Christie 1992;Heng 2009;Miksic 2013). And even these 'permanent' residents might make frequent passages between their port-polity downstream and its domestic upstream and linked coastal hinterlands.…”

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Commodity Flows, Diaspora Networking, and Contested Agency in the Eastern Indian Ocean c. 1000–1500

Hall¹

2016

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“…A sea commerce which has occurred since two millennia ago, extended north to China and westward to India and eastern African coast with Malacca Strait as its hearts (Miksic, 2013).…”

Section: An Effort To Maintain Maritime Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalization and Maritime Challenges in Western Pacific

Wardhana¹

2016

intermestic

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AbstrakLaut dan lautan adalah sumber daya yang tidak ada habisnya. Sebuah AbstractThe seas and oceans are endless resources and a nation who chose oceans to advance their interest became politically strong and economically prosper. In today globalized economy western Pacific regions are strategic sea lanes that shape international political architecture with increased role in global economic. This essay will describe the usefulness of naval power of world class maritime power especially US Navy and its cooperation with Asian Nations in western Pacific based on theoretical framework from J.R. Hill and Ken Booth in addressing maritime security challenges in western pacific. The conclusion is that The US has been maintaining its naval power in western Pacific for decades by utilized all aspect of sea power in term of hard power as well as soft power to serve as security assurance of maritime trade routes.

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Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800

Cited by 71 publications

References 0 publications

Chinese Migration and Settlement in Southeast Asia Before 1850: Making Fields From the Sea

Chinese Migration and Settlement in Southeast Asia Before 1850: Making Fields From the Sea

Commodity Flows, Diaspora Networking, and Contested Agency in the Eastern Indian Ocean c. 1000–1500

Globalization and Maritime Challenges in Western Pacific

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