SINGING AND HEARING IN<i>AEROTEGMINA KILIMANDJARICA</i>(TETTIGONIIDAE: HEXACENTRINAE), A SPECIES WITH UNUSUAL LOW CARRIER FREQUENCY OF THE CALLING SONG

Heller, Klaus‐Gerhard; Ostrowski, Tim D.; Hemp, Claudia

doi:10.1080/09524622.2010.9753624

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The last period allowing a dense forest cover and the spread of flightless montane species could have been at the end of the African humid period about 4,000–5,000 years ago (Thompson et al., ), when a high peak in arboreal pollen and fern spores were found in palaeo soils on the northern slopes of Kilimanjaro (Montade et al., accepted). Based on the actual distribution pattern and ecological demands of Aerotegmina kilimandjarica , a flightless bushcricket in montane forests on most high mountains in northern Tanzania (including Meru and Kilimanjaro) up to the highlands of Kenya (Heller et al., ; Hemp, ,b,c; Hemp, Heller et al., ; Hemp, Kehl et al., ), we conclude that a corridor suitable for the migration of this montane forest species would require a lower or middle montane wet evergreen forest of Cassipourea or Ocotea type with a mean annual precipitation of at least 1,100–2,400 mm and a mean annual temperature of about 12–17°C (cp. Hemp, ), that is, 2–7°C cooler and 400–1,700 mm wetter than today in the area between Meru and Kilimanjaro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Broken bridges: The isolation of Kilimanjaro's ecosystem

Hemp

2018

Global Change Biology

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Biodiversity studies of global change mainly focus on direct impacts such as losses in species numbers or ecosystem functions. In this study, we focus on the long-term effects of recent land-cover conversion and subsequent ecological isolation of Kilimanjaro on biodiversity in a paleobiogeographical context, linking our findings with the long-standing question whether colonization of African mountains mainly depended on long-distance dispersal, or whether gradual migration has been possible through habitat bridges under colder climates. For this, we used Orthoptera as bioindicators, whose patterns of endemism and habitat demands we studied on about 500 vegetation plots on Kilimanjaro and Mt. Meru (Tanzania) since 1996. Land-cover changes in the same area were revealed using a supervised classification of Landsat images from 1976 to 2000. In 1976, there was a corridor of submontane forest vegetation linking Kilimanjaro with Mt. Meru, replaced by human settlements and agriculture after 2000. Until recently, this submontane forest bridge facilitated the dispersal of forest animals, illustrated by the large number of endemic submontane forest Orthoptera shared by both mountains. Furthermore, the occurrence of common montane endemics suggests the existence of a former forest corridor with montane vegetation during much earlier times under climatic conditions 2-7°C cooler and 400-1,700 mm wetter than today. Based on the endemicity patterns of forest Orthoptera, negative consequences are predicted due to the effects of isolation, in particular for larger forest animals. Kilimanjaro is becoming an increasingly isolated ecosystem with far reaching consequences for diversity and endemism. Forest bridges between East African mountains acted as important migratory corridors and are not only a prehistoric phenomenon during periods with other climatic conditions but also disappeared in some places recently due to increasing and direct anthropogenic impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Kilimanjaro, we assume that this species evolved on the eastern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro from a common stock with C. meruensis (Heller, Ostrowski, & Hemp, ). It is the sister taxon to C. meruensis endemic to colline savanna grasslands between West Kilimanjaro and East Meru and probably got isolated at the eastern slopes of Mt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broken bridges: The isolation of Kilimanjaro's ecosystem

Hemp

2018

Global Change Biology

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“…Kilimanjaro, 6 xii 2012, leg. Claudia Hemp; recording methods see Heller et al 2010) and Ectadia sp. (CHInA: Yunnan, Honghe, pingbian, Daweishan Forest reserve (22°54'n, 103°41'e), 1700-2100 m, 15-17 viii 2013, leg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies lacked equipment capable of recording ultrasound. In addition, large species, which generally have lower songs (Del Castillo & Gwynne 2009, Heller et al 2010 might have been preferred for study, or species using only ultrasound were overlooked. On the other hand, even the tiny species Himertula marmorata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891), one of the smallest long-winged phaneropterines (tegmen length 12 mm), has a relatively low (33 kHz) frequency song (Fig.…”

Section: Sounds and Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Communication in Phaneropterinae (Tettigonioidea) - A Global Review with Some New Data

Heller¹,

Hemp

Ingrisch

et al. 2015

Journal of Orthoptera Research

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“…Low-frequent songs have several advantages as discussed e.g. by Heller et al (2010) for Aerotegmina, most notable an increased song range. Similarly or even more extremely enlarged tegmina are found in other micropterous genera/subtribes like Poecilimon (Poecilimon tschorochensis: Heller et al 2006) or Karniellina (Karniella: Hemp et al 2010a), accompanied by unusually low song frequencies.…”

Section: Bioacousticsmentioning

confidence: 99%