Single and mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals and chlorophenols to freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris

Geiger, Elisabeth; Hornek-Gausterer, Romana; Saçan, Melek Türker

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.03.032

Cited by 141 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Pharmaceuticals are detected as micropollutants (MPs) at trace concentrations in the µg L −1 to ng L −1 range. Emerging organic micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, may cause harm to aquatic organisms in aquatic ecosystems, due to additive or synergistic effects [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of Wastewater Effluent on Microbial Communities in the Panke, an Urban River

Nega

Braun

Künzel

et al. 2019

Water

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Pharmaceuticals are consumed in high amounts and can enter as emerging organic compounds in surface waters as they are only partially retained in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Receiving pharmaceuticals may burden the aquatic environment, as they are designed to be bioactive even at low concentrations. Sediment biofilm populations were analyzed in river sediments due to the exposure of an inflow of WWTP effluents. Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed of 108 sediment samples, which were taken from multiple cores within three sampling locations in the Panke River, with one sampling site located downstream of the inflow. Sequencing data were processed to infer microbial community structure in samples concerning the environmental variables, such as micropollutants and physicochemical parameters measured for each core. More than 25 different micropollutants were measured in pore water samples, in which bezafibrate, clofibric acid, carbamazepine, and diclofenac were detected at high concentrations. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed Nitrospirae, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Ignavibacteriae as the most abundant groups in the samples. Differences in microbial community composition were observed with respect to micropollutants. However, our findings revealed that the composition of the microbial community was not only governed by the effluent. The significant changes in the alpha-and beta-diversity were explained by phenobarbital and SO 4 2− , which did not originate from the WWTP indicating that more unobserved factors are also likely to play a role in affecting the biofilm community's composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of Wastewater Effluent on Microbial Communities in the Panke, an Urban River

Nega

Braun

Künzel

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Aquatic vegetation and algae are the primary producers of aquatic environment, keeping balance and stability of water ecological system, and directly or indirectly adjusting the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems (Ricardo, Virgile, & René, 2013;Zhang et al, 2016). Chlorella vulgaris, as a beneficial algae strain with abundant nutrients which can be used by omnivorous or herbivorous animals in aquaculture, was frequently chosen as the toxicity test materials (Geiger, Hornek-Gausterer, & Saçan, 2016;Najafabadi, Malekzadeh, Jalilian, Vossoughi, & Pazuki, 2015). Moreover, fish as a consumer of aquatic ecosystems and an important source of food is one of the closest relationships with human beings and also was used as a subject of aquatic biological toxicity test (Folmar, Sanders, & Julin, 1979;Fu et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

Hao

Ling

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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Our previous studies have verified that moroxydine hydrochloride (Mor) could inhibit replication of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) and suppress apoptosis of Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney cells, but be lack of information whether exists on antiviral activity in vivo. The paper was undertaken to explore the antiviral response of Mor against GCRV in grass carp and investigate the safety of drug for aquatic organisms. The results showed that injection treatment of Mor could more effectively inhibit GCRV replication than immersion administration. All the RNA systheses of vp3 and vp6 on day 7 in head kidney, gill, hepatopancreas and dorsal muscle in the Mor injection group were lesser than 0.07‐fold than that of in control group. And the GCRV‐inducing grass carp mortality was effectively controlled within 7 days post Mor injection therapy. Additionally, the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in serum was effectively controlled by Mor. Moreover, drug safety assessment results showed that 500 mg/L of Mor was safe to C. idella, Bacillus subtilis, Chlorella vulgaris and Tetrahymena thermophila, which was far higher than the therapeutic concentration. The present study proved Mor as harmless formulations or products had potential value in the control of GCRV in aquaculture, with the advantage of super in vivo antiviral activity and environmental safety.

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“…The mechanisms of action of pharmaceuticals in living organisms, thus, requires further study, and the fact that many pharmaceuticals may be decomposed or transformed into less toxic byproducts when discharged into the aquatic environment should also be taken into account. The increasing use of pharmaceuticals is also a risk factor to the biota (Geiger et al, 2016), and risk assessment studies concerning pharmaceutical and healthcare products have been recently reported by Arnold et al (2018). Considerable acute toxicity, for example, has been reported for a mixture of diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and aspirin (1 -320 mg L -1 ) (Cleuvers, 2004), while a significant reduction in embryo survival was observed in female Danio rerio exposed to a pharmaceutical mixture of acetaminophen, carbazepine, gemfibrozil, and venlafaxine (Galus et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron beam irradiation of pharmaceuticals aiming at toxicity reduction: a binary mixture of fluoxetine and propranolol

Boiani¹,

Silva

Garcia

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicol. Environ. Contam.

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Significant evidence is available in the literature justifying the search for treatment technologies or process combinations to improve the decomposition of dozens of pharmaceuticals in wastewater. Conventional processing techniques are insufficient in removal of the pharmaceuticals, for having resistant waste and low biodegradability. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) may play an important role in this context, and relatively low doses have been reported for such purposes. The objective of this study was to apply the process of irradiation with electron beam in order to reduce the toxic effects of fluoxetine, propranolol, and a binary mixture of these pharmaceuticals in aqueous solution. Ecotoxicological tests conducted in two model organisms, Daphnia similis microcrustacean, and Vibrio fischeri bacterium. It was observed that D. similis was more sensitive to the pharmaceuticals and binary mixture, when compared to V. fischeri. When EBI was applied, all doses showed significant reduction of toxicity for D. similis, and the opposite for V. fischeri, when only 5.0 kGy showed a significant reduced of toxicity for the pharmaceuticals and binary mixture. 5.0 kGy was the best removal efficiency for toxicity, approximately 80% for D. similis and 20% for V. fischeri.

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Single and mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals and chlorophenols to freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris

Cited by 141 publications

References 40 publications

Evaluating the Impact of Wastewater Effluent on Microbial Communities in the Panke, an Urban River

Evaluating the Impact of Wastewater Effluent on Microbial Communities in the Panke, an Urban River

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

Electron beam irradiation of pharmaceuticals aiming at toxicity reduction: a binary mixture of fluoxetine and propranolol

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