Photocatalytic splitting of water for hydrogen production
has great
developing potentiality. However, owing to the high recombination
of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, the low photocatalytic
activity limits its application. Metal single atom loading is an effective
method to enhance the photocatalytic activity, but further clarification
of the micromechanism is needed and important. In this work, an S-scheme
Cu3P/TiO2 photocatalyst loaded
with the In single atom (InSA) was prepared by the photodeposition
method. Irradiated by a 300 W Xe lamp, the H2 production
rate of Cu3P/InSA-TiO2 reaches 8.50
mmol g–1 h–1, which is 10.6 times
that of TiO2 and 1.4 times that of Cu3P/TiO2 (methanol as the scavenger). Further analysis and calculations
with density functional theory suggest that the loaded InSA replace the surface Ti atoms of TiO2. The remarkable
photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the fact that the S-scheme
heterojunction greatly facilitates the separation of the photogenerated
carriers, while the introduction of InSA provides a channel
for the charge transport at the heterojunction interface, which further
enhances the mobility and reduces the recombination of the photocarriers,
thus enhancing the photocatalytic H2 evolution property.
This work provides an effective method to increase the photocatalytic
H2 production activity, as well as deepens the understanding
of the activity-enhancing mechanism by loading a metal single atom.