“…When discussing the capability of storing polymers, it has to be confirmed in situ that genes and their expressions demonstrate an ability to store these polymers (Fernando et al, 2019). Raman microspectroscopy has been used to investigate physiological features of individual microbial cells in complex environment samples using either single cell isotope-labeling or FISH (Cui et al, 2022;Eichorst et al, 2015;Fernando et al, 2019;Read et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2016). FISH-Raman is used in characterizing bacteria present in activated sludge and their ability to store different storage polymers, such as poly-P, glycogen and etc., it also enables researchers to quantify and analyze their dynamics within the cells (Fernando et al, 2019;Majed et al, 2009;Petriglieri et al, 2022a).…”