Single-crystal conductivity measurements of hydrogen molybdenum bronzes: HxMoO3

Barbara, Thomas M.; Gammie, G.; Lyding, Joseph W.; Jonáš, J.

doi:10.1016/0022-4596(88)90315-5

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The hydrogen insertion into transition metal oxides and oxide hydrates at ambient temperatures to form non-stochiometric hydrogen insertion compounds is well-known. [48,51] The oxide reduction occurs during cathodic scan by extraction of electrons from the electrode and simultaneous intercalation of H + /cations into the film producing nonstoichiometric molybdenum bronzes or an oxide-hydroxide or low-valent molybde- num oxides. [31e, 52] Polarization at sufficiently negative potentials makes the film very conductive as protons and other ions are incorporated in the oxide in order to compensate the charge.…”

Section: Pseudocapacitancementioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum, Molybdenum Oxides, and their Electrochemistry

2012

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The electrochemical behaviors of molybdenum and its oxides, both in bulk and thin film dimensions, are critical because of their widespread applications in steels, electrocatalysts, electrochromic materials, batteries, sensors, and solar cells. An important area of current interest is electrodeposited CIGS-based solar cells where a molybdenum/glass electrode forms the back contact. Surprisingly, the basic electrochemistry of molybdenum and its oxides has not been reviewed with due attention. In this Review, we assess the scattered information. The potential and pH dependent active, passive, and transpassive behaviors of molybdenum in aqueous media are explained. The major surface oxide species observed, reversible redox transitions of the surface oxides, pseudocapacitance and catalytic reduction are discussed along with carefully conducted experimental results on a typical molybdenum glass back contact employed in CIGS-based solar cells. The applications of molybdenum oxides and the electrodeposition of molybdenum are briefly reviewed.

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Section: Pseudocapacitancementioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum, Molybdenum Oxides, and their Electrochemistry

2012

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“…The oxide film exhibits redox transitions attributed to the reductive formation of hydrogen molybdenum bronzes (H x MoO 3 ) or non-stoichiometric molybdenum oxides (MoO 3-y ) [36,37]. This kind of compound is capable to deliver electrons and to mediate the catalytic transfer of oxygen atoms in a highly-conductive environment.…”

Section: Anodic Oxidation Of H 2 O 2 At Bare and Coated Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Codeposition of Platinum and Molybdenum Oxides: Formation of Composite Films with Distinct Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection

et al. 2003

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The electrochemical properties of gold electrode surfaces modified by molybdenum oxide films intercalated with platinum microparticles have been described. The incorporation of Pt microparticles at the oxide film was characterized by PIXE (particle induced X-ray emission) spectroscopy. The modified electrode showed electrochemical activity at around À 0.5 V in 50 mmol L À1 Na 2 SO 4 supporting electrolyte (pH 3), corresponding to the reduction of protons at platinum sites and further transfer of hydrogen atoms to form reduced molybdenum oxides (bronzes). At 0.1 V, the MoO 3 / Pt electrode showed a better performance for hydrogen peroxide oxidation than on platinized gold electrodes. The solution pH has a marked effect on the voltammetric profile and best responses for hydrogen peroxide were obtained at the 5.0 to 6.0 pH range. The activation of the electrode by polarization at negative potentials was also studied and a mechanism by which more platinum sites are available as a consequence of this process was proposed. Calibration plots for hydrogen peroxide were highly linear (r 0.9989) in the 0.2 to 1.6 mmol L À1 concentration range, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) < 1%.

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“…Molybdenum oxide is highly stable in acidic solutions and has been used as a catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. [ 175 ] MoO 3 has an orthorhombic structure and is nonconductive (less that 10 −10 S cm −1 ), [ 176 ] but becomes conductive when electrochemically reduced to H x MoO 3 (as high as 20 S cm −1 ). [ 176 ] Additionally, the surface of the MoO 3 contains abundant oxygen vacancies and has a large overpotential for oxygen evolution [ 123 ] Motivated by these advantages, Cao et al [ 123 ] suggested the use of this catalyst on both the negative and positive sides of VRFBs.…”

Section: All‐vanadium Rfbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal and Metal Oxide Electrocatalysts for Redox Flow Batteries

Amini

Gostick

Pritzker

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are one of the promising technologies for large‐scale energy storage applications. For practical implementation of RFBs, it is of great interest to improve their efficiency and reduce their cost. One of the key components of RFBs that can greatly influence the efficiency and final cost is the electrode. The chemical and structural nature of electrodes can modify the kinetics of redox reactions and the accessibility of the electroactive species to available active sites. The ideal electrocatalyst for RFBs must have good activity for the desirable redox reaction, provide a high surface area, and exhibit sufficient conductivity and durability over repeated use. One strategy is to coat the electrode with metal and metal oxide electrocatalysts. Metal electrocatalysts have the advantage of high conductivity, while metal oxide catalysts are usually less expensive and so more economically attractive. In order to gain a better understanding of the performance of the electrocatalysts in RFBs, a comprehensive review of the progress in the development of metal and metal oxide electrocatalysts for RFBs is provided and a critical comparison of the latest developments is presented. Finally, practical recommendations for advancement of electrocatalysts and effective transfer of knowledge in this field are provided.

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Single-crystal conductivity measurements of hydrogen molybdenum bronzes: HxMoO3

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Molybdenum, Molybdenum Oxides, and their Electrochemistry

Molybdenum, Molybdenum Oxides, and their Electrochemistry

Electrochemical Codeposition of Platinum and Molybdenum Oxides: Formation of Composite Films with Distinct Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection

Metal and Metal Oxide Electrocatalysts for Redox Flow Batteries

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