Single crystal growth of BaZrO₃ from the melt at 2700 °C using optical floating zone technique and growth prospects from BaB₂O₄ flux at 1350 °C

Abstract

We report the growth of BaZrO 3 single crystals by the optical floating zone technique and the investigation on its flux growth using BaB 2 O 4 as a solvent. 6-mm long colorless and transparent single crystals were obtained with a mirror furnace without the need for post-treatment annealing.Its properties are determined and compared with those of two commercial crystals grown by the tri-arc Czochralski method. The chemical composition was investigated using glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), which indicate minor impurities of Sr, Hf, Ca and Ti, with maximal concentrations for Sr and Hf in the range of 0.3-0.5 % at. The optical band gap determined by UV-visible spectroscopy is found to be ~4.8 eV and Page 1 of 25 CrystEngComm 2indicates the high quality of the BaZrO 3 crystals grown by the optical floating zone technique.Raman spectroscopy at ambient conditions and at low temperatures down to 4.2 K reveals a relatively sharp second-order spectrum and does not reveal any structural phase transition.

Low-temperature thermophysical and crystallographic properties of BaZrO3 perovskite

“…The recently reported float-zone growth of large single crystals of BaZrO 3 [47] would be ideal for a single crystal neutron diffuse scattering study that would permit investigation of any positional disorder of the zirconium site and also the investigation of the proposed glassy structural state. University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.…”

(K,Na)NbO3-based piezoelectric single crystals: Growth methods, properties, and applications

“…Main advantage of using a solvent is the reduction of the crystallization temperature of the solute to be grown, which is essential for materials that cannot be grown from the melt without major drawbacks, e.g. : [53]. In this case, crystal growth requires complex and expensive techniques that may induce many defects, e.g., oxygen deficiencies or internal strains, and thus, post-growth annealing treatments are often needed.…”

Perovskite synthesis, properties and their related biochemical and industrial application

“…The single crystal of BaTiO 3 , 0.25 mm thick was found to transmit from 0.5 μ to 6 μ. The optical coefficient of strontium titanate single crystals was obtained from 0.20 μ to 17 μ in wavelength (Xin et al, 2019).…”