Single-Crystalline Copper Nanowires Produced by Electrochemical Deposition in Polymeric Ion Track Membranes

Abstract

The fabrication of copper nanowires by electrodeposition in ion track membranes is reported. The large‐grain copper needle deposited at 40 °C shown in the Figure is a transition between the polycrystalline needles formed at room temperature and the single‐crystalline morphology at 60 °C. A systematic study of the DC deposition parameters required for single‐crystalline growth is presented.

Magneto-sensitive nickel nanowires fabricated by electrodeposition into multi- and single-ion track templates

“…Lithographic Galvanoforming (LIGA) techniques based on X-rays, have been applied to fabricate novel electronic devices. Using a similar heavy-ion LIGA technique [14][15][16][17][18], metallic nanowires with much higher aspect ratio can be synthesized, however presently still with random positioning. This has been demonstrated for polycarbonate and polyimide at nanochannel densities around 10 8 channels cm -2 [19].…”

Fabrication and Characterization of Copper Nanowires

“…Figure 1(a) illustrates the scheme of this process. Polymer membranes can be prepared by irradiation of polycarbonate foils using heavy ion beams (Toimil Molares, 2001). Author has prepared polymer templates, called Ion Track Filters (Virk & Kaur, 1998), using Makrofol N and Kapton after irradiation at the UNILAC (Universal Linear Accelerator) of GSI, Darmstadt, with highly charged heavy ions having kinetic energies in the GeV range and fluences between 10 6 and 10 10 ions/cm 2 .…”

“…Electrodeposition of copper nanowires depends on many factors, namely, inter-electrode spacing, electrolyte composition, temperature and pH value, current density and time of deposition. The influence of current density, temperature and type of electrolyte on the crystallinity of copper nanowires has been reported elsewhere (Toimil Molares et al, 2001). We studied the effect of current density on electrodeposition of copper nanowires in our experiment.…”

“…These peaks reveal the polycrystalline nature of copper crystals, indicating that preferred growth direction of crystals is the (200) plane. Template based synthesis of single crystal copper nanowires has been reported in literature (Toimil Molares, 2001;Gao et al, 2002;Mingliang et al, 2003) with preferred growth direction along (111) plane, but to the best of our knowledge, there is hardly any report for copper nanowire arrays or copper crystals with a (200) preferred orientation. Fig.…”

Finite- and Quantum-Size Effects of Bismuth Nanowires

“…The most common technique is the template method which is a very general approach used to prepare arrays of nanomaterials. The most commonly used nanoporous templates are track-etched polycarbonate membranes (Martin, 1994;Toimil Molares et al, 2001;Cornelius et al, 2005;Karim et al, 2006) and porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes (Masuda & Nishio, 2006;Huber et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 1998). Common to all these templates is the fact that the pores are perpendicular to the surface of the membrane.…”