Single-dose bromocriptine reverses cocaine craving

Dackis, Charles A.; Gold, Mark S.; Sweeney, Donald R.; Byron, John P.; Climko, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90086-2

Cited by 110 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In agreement with this hypothesis, studies in man argue in favor of dopamine depletion in cocaine addiction [14]. In fact, hyperprolacti nemia has been described in cocaine addicts [4], and an improvement in cocaine craving after treatment with the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine has been reported [ 15]. Taken together, all these observations suggest that a cocaine-dependent decrease in dopaminergic activity might contribute to enhance pituitary P-endorphin secre tion in chronic cocaine addicts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Diurnal Variations in Plasma ACTH, Cortisol and Beta-Endorphin Levels in Cocaine Addicts

et al. 1992

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In order to establish possible alterations in the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis and in ACTH-related opioids in cocaine addicts, plasma ACTH, cortisol and β-endorphin levels were measured throughout the day in 9 cocaine addicts [age: 27 ± 5 years (mean ± SE); weight: 72 ± 6.1 kg, duration of cocaine addiction: at least 2 years] on the day of their admission to a recovery community for drug abusers (first test) and after 15 days of abstinence (second test). Nine normal controls (age: 28 + 6 years; weight: 73 ± 3.2 kg) were tested only once in a similar manner. Blood samples were taken at 06.00, 08.00, 10.00, 12.00, 18.00 and 20.00 h and served for hormonal assays. Urine samples were taken from cocaine addicts at 08.00 h on the experimental day and on the following day. Results of both urine assays were positive for cocaine catabolites, indicating cocaine administration during the day before the experimental test. From the day of their admission in the community (1st experimental day), the patients were forbidden to use cocaine. For 4 days after admission, they were treated with symptomatics to attenuate withdrawal symptoms. Thereafter, the patients underwent a washout period of pharmacological treatments for 10 days before being retested (second test). Urine samples taken at 08.00 h on this second experimental day and on the next day were negative for the presence of drug catabolites. During the first test, cocaine addicts showed higher plasma ACTH, cortisol and β-endorphin levels than normal controls at all examined time points. However, maximal and minimal secretory periods and the general temporal structure of all hormonal secretions coincided in the two groups. No significant quantitative or qualitative differences in the secretory pattern of ACTH, cortisol and β-endorphin were observed between normal controls and cocaine addicts as tested after 15 days of abstinence. The results fail to show alterations in the diurnal hormonal secretory rhythms of ACTH, cortisol and β-endorphin in cocaine addicts. The enhancement in the overall ACTH, cortisol and β-endorphin secretions in cocaine addicts during the first, but not the second test, may be supposed to depend on recent cocaine self-administration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Diurnal Variations in Plasma ACTH, Cortisol and Beta-Endorphin Levels in Cocaine Addicts

et al. 1992

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“…In this regard, considerable preclinical data support the hypothesis that increases in CNS DA mediate the euphorogenic and addictive effects of cocaine (7,22,44,61,82,92). The idea that chronic cocaine use leads to a functional DA deficit (16,17) has been the working hypothesis tested by clinical trials of various medications which are thought to increase dopaminergic tone (6,18,23,26,37,38,46,52,59,67,86,91,93). Although uncontrolled studies have generally reported good results with these medications, double-blind placebo-controlled studies with the same medications have generally failed to show robust efficacy in the treatment of cocaine addiction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Studies of the biogenic amine transporters. VII. Characterization of a novel cocaine binding site identified with [125I]RTI-55 in membranes prepared from human, monkey and guinea pig caudate

Rothman¹,

Silverthorn²,

Glowa³

et al. 1998

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[125I]RTI-55 is a cocaine analog with high affinity for dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) transporters. Quantitative ligand binding studies revealed a novel high affinity [125I]RTI-55 binding site assayed under 5-HT transporter (SERT) conditions which has low affinity for almost all classic biogenic amine transporter ligands, including high affinity 5-HT transporter inhibitors such as paroxetine, but which retains high affinity for cocaine analogs. This site, termed SERT(site2) for its detection under 5-HT transporter conditions (not for an association with the SERT) occurs in monkey caudate, human caudate, and guinea pig caudate membranes, but not in rat caudate membranes. SERT(site2) is distinguished from the DA transporter (DAT) and SERT by several criteria, including a distinct ligand-selectivity profile, the inability to detect SERT(site2) in cells stably expressing the cloned human DAT, and insensitivity to irreversible ligands which inhibit [125I]RTI-55 binding to the DAT and SERT. Perhaps the most striking finding about SERT(site2) is that a wide range of representative antidepressant agents have very low affinity for SERT(site2). The affinity of cocaine for this site is not very different from the concentration cocaine achieves in the brain at pharmacological doses. Viewed collectively with the observation that ligands with high affinity for SERT(site2) are mostly cocaine analogs, these data lead us to speculate that actions of cocaine which differ from those of classic biogenic amine uptake inhibitors may be mediated in part via SERT(site2).

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“…In follow-up research, it was proposed that one way to treat cocaine addiction was to embrace dopamine agonist therapy such as utilizing the powerful dopamine D2 agonist bromocriptine. This compound was found to significantly reduce cocaine craving after a single dose [30]. It was suggested that bromocriptine may be effective as a new, non-addictive pharmacological treatment for cocaine addicts and support the notion that functional dopamine depletion occurs with chronic cocaine use.…”

Section: Support For Reward Deficiency Syndrome (Rds) As the "True Phmentioning

confidence: 86%

Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Is there a Solution?

Blum¹

2014

J Alcohol Drug Depend

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Single-dose bromocriptine reverses cocaine craving

Cited by 110 publications

References 7 publications

Diurnal Variations in Plasma ACTH, Cortisol and Beta-Endorphin Levels in Cocaine Addicts

Diurnal Variations in Plasma ACTH, Cortisol and Beta-Endorphin Levels in Cocaine Addicts

Studies of the biogenic amine transporters. VII. Characterization of a novel cocaine binding site identified with [125I]RTI-55 in membranes prepared from human, monkey and guinea pig caudate

Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Is there a Solution?

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