Single Dose of Amphetamine Induces Delayed Subregional Attenuation of Cholinergic Interneuron Activity in the Striatum

Abstract

Single dose of amphetamine induces delayed subregional attenuation of cholinergic interneuron activity in the striatumAbbreviated title: Amphetamine-induced attenuation of ChI activity

Drug Reinforcement Impairs Cognitive Flexibility by Inhibiting Striatal Cholinergic Neurons

“…amphetamine exposure (Ztaou et al, 2021), which is consistent with our concept that addictive substances suppress striatal CIN activity. Surprisingly, acute cocaine exposure in vivo or ex vivo has been shown to increase striatal cholinergic activity (Mark et al, 1999;Witten et al, 2010).…”

“…Therefore, the reduction in DMS CIN firing is more likely to reflect changes in synaptic transmission. Interestingly, a recent study also reported a downregulation of CIN activity in the ventral striatum after acute amphetamine exposure (Ztaou et al, 2021), which is consistent with our concept that addictive substances suppress striatal CIN activity. Surprisingly, acute cocaine exposure in vivo or ex vivo has been shown to increase striatal cholinergic activity (Mark et al, 1999;Witten et al, 2010).…”

Drug reinforcement impairs cognitive flexibility by inhibiting striatal cholinergic neurons

“…We found that both non-contingent and contingent cocaine exposure led to a long-lasting reduction in the spontaneous firing of DMS CINs. Interestingly, recent studies have reported the downregulation of CIN activity in the ventral striatum after acute amphetamine exposure 53 , and D2R overexpression in Nac CINs after cocaine self-administration 32 , which aligns with our finding that addictive substances suppress striatal CIN activity. Surprisingly, acute cocaine exposure in vivo or ex vivo has been shown to increase striatal cholinergic activity 54 .…”

Psychostimulant Drugs Activate Cell-type Specific and Topographic cFos Expression in the Lumbar Spinal Cord

“…Indeed, a single exposure to psychostimulant drugs such as d-amphetamine, cocaine or methylphenidate enhances motor behaviors whose manifestations depend on the dose administered (Gaytan et al, 1998;Yates et al, 2007). At low doses, these drugs stimulate fast exploratory activity characterized by an increase in locomotion and rearing (Yates et al, 2007;Ztaou et al, 2021).…”

“…However, at high doses, psychostimulants promote a variety of repetitive behaviors ranging from in-place stereotypies (continuous sniffing, circling, intense grooming, and self-gnawing) to patterned locomotion and continuous up-and-down rearing motion often accompanied by intermittent episodes of wall licking (Yates et al, 2007;Ztaou et al, 2021).…”