Single hole ammonia spray macroscopic and microscopic characteristics at flare and transition flash boiling regions

Liu, Xiao; Yao, Xiaoxin; Wang, Ze; Tang, Chenglong

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121443

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…When the ambient pressure is 0.6 MPa, the liquid ammonia spray is in a transition flash boiling state, and the Rp of liquid ammonia is between 0.3 and 1.0. When the ambient pressure is 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 MPa [11], the Rp of liquid ammonia is beyond 1, and the liquid ammonia spray is nonflash boiling spray under these ambient pressures. Therefore, the following section will explore the influence of injection and ambient pressures during the development of liquid ammonia spray, particularly flash boiling spray.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The STP between the gas and liquid phases of flash boiling spray is stretched. However, compared to non-and transition-flash boiling sprays, the later development of spray in the graph in which the spray cone angle of flash boiling spray is significantly reduced [11]. In addition, the spray cone angle of the flash boiling spray also decreases with the variation in injection pressure from 70 to 80 MPa.…”

Section: Flash Boiling Spraymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Liu et al used open Foam to conduct a fluid simulation of low-temperature nitrogen and non-low-temperature n-dodecane and ammonia spray under supercritical conditions and found that n-dodecane has higher density and viscosity under supercritical conditions, resulting in higher jet velocity and higher spray concentration [8]. Recently, Tang et al [11] investigated the spray macroscopic and microscopic characteristics at non-flash, transition flash, and flare flash boiling regions with a single-hole injector. They found that the spray significantly expands in the radial direction at flare flash boiling regions (R p ≤ 0.47, R p is the ratio of the ambient pressure P amb and the saturated vapor pressure P sat at the liquid temperature), while the spray contracts in the penetration direction at the transition flash boiling region (0.47 < R p ≤ 1.06).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Experimental Study on the Flash Boiling Characteristics of Liquid Ammonia Spray in a Constant Volume Chamber under High Injection Pressure

He,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

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The spray characteristics of liquid ammonia under various ambient pressures and temperatures were analyzed in a constant volume chamber to cover a wide range of superheat degrees. The injection pressure was set as 70 and 80 MPa with ambient pressure ranging from 0.2 to 4 MPa. The ambient temperature was 500 K. The results showed that the higher the injection pressure, the greater the kinetic energy obtained. The droplet fragmentation was enhanced, and the phenomenon of gradual separation of the gas–liquid region occurred with increasing injection pressure. Under flash boiling spray conditions, the spray developed faster than non-flash boiling and transition flash boiling spray under the same injection pressure. In addition, the flash boiling spray tip penetration of the gas and liquid increased more than that of cold spray, and the fluctuation of the late stage of the injection was relatively large. Therefore, the injection pressure has a greater effect on the spray tip penetration of flash boiling spray. Moreover, ambient pressure greatly influences the flare flash boiling spray. The spray resistance phenomenon was found during the spray development in the flare flash boiling condition. With the increase in ambient pressure, the spray tip penetration of flash boiling spray decreases due to the reduction in the pressure difference inside and outside the spray hole and the restriction of ambient gas. Meanwhile, owing to the low ambient pressure and ambient density, the liquid penetration in the initial phase of the flare flash boiling spray will be abnormally shorter than that of the non-flash boiling spray.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flash Boiling Spraymentioning

confidence: 92%