“Single-killing-point” field assessment of bait and lure control of fruit flies (Diptera:Tephritidae) in Pakistan

How Effective Is Gf-120 Fruit Fly Bait Spray Applied to Border Area Sorghum Plants for Control of Melon Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)?

“…The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillet, is an important pest of cucurbits in Asia, several islands in the Pacific ocean, and Africa (White & Elson-Harris 1992). Beginning in the 1950s, bait sprays containing protein (as an attractant and feeding stimulant) plus an insecticide (as a toxicant) have been used widely for control of melon flies (e.g., Steiner 1955;Nishida et al 1957;Gupta & Verma 1982;Stonehouse et al 2002). Recently, GF-120 Fruit Fly bait (Dow Agrosciences, Indianapolis, IN) containing spinosad as toxicant has emerged as an effective and environmentally safe alternative to traditional bait sprays (containing organophosphorus insecticide) for control of several different pest tephritid flies (e.g., King & Hennessey 1996;Peck & McQuate 2000;Burns et al 2001;Vargas et al 2001).…”

Seasonal Spatial Distribution of the Mango Fruit Fly (Ceratitis cosyra) in Mango Trees Pruned to Give Three Different Pruning Canopies in High Density Mango Production in the South Eastern Lowveld of Zimbabwe

“…[35] confirmed high adult fruit fly presence in mango tree canopies due to prefered part of plant. Pertaining to behaviour, it can be explained that the fruit fly catches from all treatments baited with malathion/molasses combination, a highly potent attractant for the male and female flies of the Ceratitis cosyra species [36,37,35]. Hence, the main reason they tend to aggreagate in the same situaition or habbitat might be sexual attraction or Ceratitis cosyra has a peak abundance at different times of the year.…”

Employing Male Annihilation or Bait Application Techniques to Suppress the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera Zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…Efficiency of BAT The bait application technique normally consisted of traps baited with a liquid solution (El-Gendy, 2017), (Silva et al, 2011) reported that setting up a banana or starch-jaggery trap showed zero percent fruit fly infestation. A study conducted in Pakistan (Stonehouse et al, 2002) observed that a meat-based bait (beef meat broth) was found to be 68.7 percent more effective than commercial protein hydrolysate. Bait application is a technique applied to control pests without harming the environment.…”

“…The food source used in the bait application technique and male annihilation technique is as attractive as that of methyl eugenol. Currently, malathion is used as the only insecticide in the BAT and MAT (Stonehouse et al, 2002). (Moyo et al, 2011).…”