Single-Layer Cubipod Armored Breakwaters in Punta Langosteira (Spain)

Corredor, Antonio; Santos, Márcia Sousa; Peña, Enrique; Maciñeira, Enrique; Gómez-Martín, M. Esther; Medina, Josep R.

doi:10.9753/icce.v34.structures.12

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Existen dos tipos fundamentales de mantos de protección de diques en talud: los mantos monocapa y los bicapa; los primeros están constituidos por una sola capa de piezas y suelen consumir entre el 30% y el 80% del hormigón que consume un manto bicapa convencional de bloques cúbicos en condiciones similares (ver Corredor et al, 2013). Desde hace mucho tiempo, construyendo en seco o en condiciones marítimas excelentes, existía la posibilidad de construir mantos monocapa con piezas concertadas (forma rectangular, hexagonal, etc.)…”

Section: Mantos Monocapaunclassified

“…En consecuencia, las piezas disponibles en la actualidad permiten proteger con mantos monocapa todos los diques que en la actualidad utilizan mantos bicapa; la optimización económica, logística y de impacto ambiental determinará la mejor opción en cada caso. En general, la opción monocapa es la que tiene menos coste económico y ambiental; sin embargo, si el control de obra es deficiente, se esperan grandes asientos diferenciales o existe una gran incertidumbre sobre las variables de diseño, un manto bicapa puede ser la mejor opción (ver Corredor et al, 2013).…”

Section: Mantos Monocapaunclassified

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Design and construction of mound breakwaters

Medina

Pascual

2014

ing.agua

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ResumenSe describe la evolución de las técnicas de diseño de los diques rompeolas y de algunos equipos y técnicas constructivas que los han impulsado. Se analiza sobre todo la influencia de las investigaciones teóricas y de laboratorio, desde los estudios y procedimientos pioneros de Iribarren hace 80 años hasta la construcción de diques protegidos con mantos monocapa de las últimas décadas y la optimización económica de las huellas energéticas y del carbono para una construcción sostenible. Se analiza el desarrollo de nuevos conceptos, la invención de nuevas formas geométricas para las unidades del manto, el gran impacto de las observaciones basadas en los ensayos físicos a escala reducida y la importancia de los condicionantes logísticos, métodos y técnicas de cada época para explicar la evolución en la manera de diseñar y construir grandes diques en talud a lo largo del tiempo.Palabras clave | Diques rompeolas; diques en talud; manto principal; espaldón; estabilidad hidráulica; rebase. ABsTRACT This paper describes the evolution of design techniques applied to mound breakwaters as well as some key tools, equipment and construction techniques. The influence of the theoretical and laboratory research is analyzed in detail, from the pioneering research by Iribarren eighty years ago to the construction of single-layer armored breakwaters in recent decades. The economic optimization and the new embodied energy and carbon concepts associated to the construction of mound breakwaters are studied. New concepts as well as the invention of new armor units are examined as is their impact based on the observations from small-scale physical experiments and the relevance of the equipment and logistic constraints to explain the evolution of the way mound breakwaters have been designed and built over time.Key words | Mound breakwaters; armor units; crown wall; hydraulic stability; overtopping. InTRODuCCIÓnDesde la antigüedad, la navegación marítima y fluvial propició el desarrollo del comercio y el intercambio cultural de los diversos pueblos. Fenicios, griegos y romanos establecieron redes de navegación apoyadas en puertos que actuaban como nodos de conexión del transporte, el comercio y la cultura entre diferentes pueblos. Para asentar los puertos en la antigüedad se utilizaban los abrigos naturales de la costa, las ensenadas y sobre todo, los ríos navegables. Aunque no se solían construir grandes obras de abrigo por su elevado coste, en algunos casos como el puerto de Alejandría o el de Ostia en la desembocadura del Tiber, se construyeron diques de escollera para crear zonas abrigadas artificiales (cerca de Roma en el caso de Ostia). Los diques se construían lanzando

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Section: Mantos Monocapaunclassified

Design and construction of mound breakwaters

Medina

Pascual

2014

ing.agua

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“…Two parallel groins (South and North breakwaters), perpendicular to the coastline with single-layer Cubipod ® armor of W[t]=25 and 15 (see Corredor et al, 2014), were completed in 2013 to protect the water intake of the Sabón thermal power station. The new Western Breakwater was designed as an extension of the existing 0.45 km-long South Breakwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Construction of the Western Breakwater for the Outer Port at Punta Langosteira (A Coruã‘a, Spain)

Molguero¹,

Gómez-Martín

Peña

et al. 2017

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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This paper describes the design process, hydraulic stability tests and construction of the Cubipod ® armored Western breakwater at Punta Langosteira (Outer Port of A Coruña, Spain), located on the Atlantic coast of Spain. The environmental, geotechnical, economic and logistic conditions favored randomly-placed Cubipods for single-layer armoring of the trunk. 3D hydraulic stability tests were carried out to validate the final design of the Western Breakwater; two models were tested with single-and double-layer Cubipod armors in the trunk and roundhead, respectively. Single-layer 25-and 30-tonne Cubipod ® armors were used for the trunk section and a double-layer 45tonne Cubipod ® armor was used for the roundhead. During this project, new challenges were overcome, such as constructing a transition between single and double-layer armors, and manufacturing and handling of 45-tonne Cubipods. The transition in the armor thickness was solved by modifying the filter thickness under the main armor, to ensure a homogeneous external armor profile. Breakwater construction finished in November 2016 with no significant problem or delay in the original schedule.

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“…Engineering communities have shown an increasing interest to monitor bridges (Enckell et al, 2011;Ye et al, 2013), tunnels (Lindenbergh et al, 2005;Puente et al, 2014;Sharma et al, 2001) and other structures (Valença et al, 2013) and to detect damage at the earliest stages. Specifically, rubble mound breakwaters (Corredor et al, 2013) are commonly employed to protect important coastal areas such as ports, marinas or beaches from the effects of attacking ocean waves. Some studies have described fairly extensively the fluidstructure interaction (Altomare et al, 2014) and the breakwater monitoring (Del Grosso et al, 2003;Yoon et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial laser scanning for geometry extraction and change monitoring of rubble mound breakwaters

Puente

Lindenbergh

González-Jorge

et al. 2014

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Rubble mound breakwaters are coastal defense structures that protect harbors and beaches from the impacts of both littoral drift and storm waves. They occasionally break, leading to catastrophic damage to surrounding human populations and resulting in huge economic and environmental losses. Ensuring their stability is considered to be of vital importance and the major reason for setting up breakwater monitoring systems. Terrestrial laser scanning has been recognized as a monitoring technique of existing infrastructures. Its capability for measuring large amounts of accurate points in a short period of time is also well proven. In this paper we first introduce a method for the automatic extraction of face geometry of concrete cubic blocks, as typically used in breakwaters. Point clouds are segmented based on their orientation and location. Then we compare corresponding cuboids of three co-registered point clouds to estimate their transformation parameters over time. The first method is demonstrated on scan data from the Baiona breakwater (Spain) while the change detection is demonstrated on repeated scan data of concrete bricks, where the changing scenario was simulated. The application of the presented methodology has verified its effectiveness for outlining the 3D breakwater units and analyzing their changes at the millimeter level. Breakwater management activities could benefit from this initial version of the method in order to improve their productivity.

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Single-Layer Cubipod Armored Breakwaters in Punta Langosteira (Spain)

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Design and construction of mound breakwaters

Design and construction of mound breakwaters

Design and Construction of the Western Breakwater for the Outer Port at Punta Langosteira (A Coruã‘a, Spain)

Terrestrial laser scanning for geometry extraction and change monitoring of rubble mound breakwaters

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