Single-Measurement Excitation/Emission Matrix Spectrofluorometer for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Ocean Water. 2. Calibration and Quantitation of Naphthalene and Styrene

Abstract

An excitation/emission matrix imaging spectrofluorometer was employed for quantitation of two fluorescent compounds, naphthalene and styrene, contained in ocean water exposed to gasoline. Multidimensional parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis models were used to resolve the naphthalene and styrene fluorescence spectra from a complex background signal and overlapping spectral interferents not included in the calibration set. Linearity was demonstrated over 2 orders of magnitude for determination of naphthalene with a detection limit of 8 parts per billion. Similarly, nearly 2 orders of magnitude of linearity was demonstrated in the determination of styrene with an 11 ppb limit of detection. Furthermore, the synthesis of the EEM spectrofluorometer and the PARAFAC analysis for unbiased prediction of naphthalene and styrene concentration in mixture samples containing uncalibrated spectral interferents was demonstrated.

Accelerating the analyses of 3‐way and 4‐way PARAFAC models utilizing multi‐dimensional wavelet compression

“…Simulated data ensure a precise assessment of the PARAFAC capabilities; experimental data cubes demonstrate its feasibility for real-world applications. Excitationemission matrix fluorescence (EEM) spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5]47,48] was used to acquire experimental multi-way data sets. EEM spectroscopy uses a broadband UV-Vis light source to excite naturally fluorescent analytes.…”

“…Hyphenated measurement techniques such as liquid chromatography-UV diode array detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or excitation-emission fluorescence (EEM) spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5] open new avenues for comprehensive chemical sensing. Such measurement techniques generate multi-way data sets, which are commonly evaluated by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Spectral Imaging Technique for Visualizing the Invisible Information

“…Every constituent can be specified by EEM pattern matching because it has a unique EEM pattern reflecting its characteristics. EEM measurements and analyses have been carried out in the archaeological field or the environmental assessment to specify old dyes on the paintings or pollutant in the sea water [3], [4]. Although there have been only a few studies of EEM application to food, it is expected that the internal structure and constituent distribution, which greatly affect food qualities, can be visualized by the measurement and analysis of an EEM at any point of food.…”

Detection of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in Nutmeg Extract Using Fluorescence Fingerprint

“…In particular, aflatoxin analysis of aflatoxins in spices is complex because of the interference of highly colored materials that are coextracted with aflatoxins. For the above method, an elaborate cleanup process, using the above columns, is necessary before stance in a mixture (Andersen and Mortensen, 2008;Booksh et al, 1996;Shimoyama and Noda, 1992;Tsuta et al, 2007). The FF method is highly sensitive compared with typical fluorescence measurements because the FF method uses all spectral data, consisting of excitation × emission × fluorescence intensities.…”