Single Mode, Air-Cladded Optical Waveguides Supported by a Nano-Fin Fabricated with Direct Laser Writing

Gill, Parvinder Kaur; Marom, Dan M.

doi:10.3390/app11146327

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In a suspended design, the waveguide is elevated and part of the substrate is exposed to the analyte. It left the bottom section of the waveguide bare, so the increased portion of the field is taking part in the interaction with the analyte as in refs and . It is worth noting that in suspended waveguides, the electric field intensity distribution of a transverse magnetic TM mode is characterized by a larger portion of the field which propagates beyond the waveguide core, as compared to a transverse electric (TE) mode which is more confined in the core.…”

Section: What Are the Barriers That Sensing Configurations Face?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Overtone Spectroscopy for Sensing─Recent Advances and Perspectives

2022

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In this perspective, we report an opinion on overtone spectroscopy for sensing and discuss the nature of the opportunities perceived for specialists. New spectroscopic strategies can potentially be extended to detect other common toxic byproducts in a chip-scale label-free manner and to enhance the functionality of chemical and biological monitoring. Nevertheless, the full potential of overtone spectroscopy is not yet exhausted, challenges must be overcome, and new avenues await. Within this Perspective, we look at where the field currently stands, highlight several successful examples of overtone spectroscopy based sensors and detectors, and ask what it will take to advance current state-of-the-art technology. It is our intention to point out some potential blind spots and to inspire further developments.

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Section: What Are the Barriers That Sensing Configurations Face?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Overtone Spectroscopy for Sensing─Recent Advances and Perspectives

2022

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“…A NanoScribe Photonic Professional GT printer was utilized in the fabrication process, employing IP-Dip photoresist, which is specifically formulated to match the refractive index of the microscope objective that focuses the laser beam. This results in an ideal laser beam focusing and fine lateral resolution (200 nm) of the fabricated structures 38 . Prior to fabrication, a salinization process was used to enhance polymer adhesion to the optical fiber facet (silica).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

Dana,

Garcia,

Kukin

et al. 2024

Light Sci Appl

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Photonic lantern (PL) spatial multiplexers show great promise for a range of applications, such as future high-capacity mode division multiplexing (MDM) optical communication networks and free-space optical communication. They enable efficient conversion between multiple single-mode (SM) sources and a multimode (MM) waveguide of the same dimension. PL multiplexers operate by facilitating adiabatic transitions between the SM arrayed space and the single MM space. However, current fabrication methods are forcing the size of these devices to multi-millimeters, making integration with micro-scale photonic systems quite challenging. The advent of 3D micro and nano printing techniques enables the fabrication of freestanding photonic structures with a high refractive index contrast (photopolymer-air). In this work we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a 6-mode mixing, 375 µm long PL that enables the conversion between six single-mode inputs and a single six-mode waveguide. The PL was designed using a genetic algorithm based inverse design approach and fabricated directly on a 7-core fiber using a commercial two-photon polymerization-based 3D printer and a photopolymer. Although the waveguides exhibit high index contrast, low insertion loss (−2.6 dB), polarization dependent (−0.2 dB) and mode dependent loss (−4.4 dB) were measured.

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“…A NanoScribe Photonic Professional GT printer was utilized in the fabrication process, employing IP-Dip photoresist, which is specifically formulated to match the refractive index of the microscope objective that focuses the laser beam. This results in an ideal laser beam focusing and fine lateral resolution (200 nm) of the fabricated structures [37]. Prior to fabrication, a silanization process was used to enhance polymer adhesion to the optical fiber facet (silica).…”

Section: D Printing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Standing Microscale Photonic Lantern Spatial Mode Multiplexer Fabricated using 3D Nanoprinting

Marom,

Dana,

Garcia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Photonic lantern (PL) spatial multiplexers show great promise for a range of applications, such as future high-capacity mode division multiplexing (MDM) optical communication networks and free space optical communication. They enable efficient conversion between multiple single-mode (SM) sources and a multimode (MM) waveguide of the same dimension. PL multiplexers operate by facilitating adiabatic transitions between the SM arrayed space and the single MM space. However, current fabrication methods are forcing the size of these devices to multi-millimeters, making integration with micro-scale photonic systems quite challenging. The advent of 3D micro and nano printing techniques enables the fabrication of free-standing photonic structures with a high refractive index contrast (photopolymer-air). In this work we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a 6-mode, 375μm long PL that enables the conversion between six single-mode inputs and a single six-mode waveguide. The PL was designed using a genetic algorithm based inverse design approach and fabricated directly on a 7-core fiber using a commercial two-photon polymerization based 3D printer and a photopolymer. Although the waveguides exhibit high index contrast, low insertion loss (-2.6 dB), polarization dependent (-0.2 dB) and mode dependent loss (-4.43 dB) were measured.

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Single Mode, Air-Cladded Optical Waveguides Supported by a Nano-Fin Fabricated with Direct Laser Writing

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Overtone Spectroscopy for Sensing─Recent Advances and Perspectives

Overtone Spectroscopy for Sensing─Recent Advances and Perspectives

Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

Free-Standing Microscale Photonic Lantern Spatial Mode Multiplexer Fabricated using 3D Nanoprinting

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