Single-mode VCSELs

Unold, H.J.; Mahmoud, Sawat W. Z.; Jaeger, Roland; Golling, Matthias; Kicherer, M.; Mederer, F.; Riedl, Michael C.; Knoedl, T.; Miller, Michael; Michalzik, Rainer; Ebeling, Karl Joachim

doi:10.1117/12.469237

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As the transmission distance increases, the modal and chromatic dispersion in MMF deteriorate the transmission quality. The effects of both dispersions can be efficiently mitigated by reducing the number of VCSEL modes, ideally to achieve single-mode (SM) operation [7]. This way both the signal spectral width is reduced and the number of excited modes in MMF is lowered.…”

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confidence: 99%

54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single‐mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF

et al. 2016

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Successful 54 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) transmission over 2.2 km of multimode OM4 fibre is demonstrated. The decisive advantages of the single mode over multimode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) in transmission experiments are shown. 'Adaptive Data and Power Aware Transceivers for Optical Communications'. The laboratory equipment was provided through the Innovative Economy Program POIG.02.01.00-14-197/09 FOTEH project.

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54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single‐mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF

et al. 2016

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“…However, a displacement of the trapped particle with respect to the device centre is generally observed, much likely caused by the doughnut-shaped beam profile. To improve the beam quality of the VCSELs, surface relief techniques [7] will be applied as a next step.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards VCSEL-based integrated optical traps for biomedical applications

et al. 2006

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A new concept to miniaturise optical trapping and manipulation systems is presented. Integrated optical traps based on top-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with near-infrared emission in combination with photoresist microlenses were fabricated, characterised and demonstrated. Elevation and trapping of 10 µm-sized polystyrene particles in water is achieved at optical output powers as small as 9 mW.

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“…But with the normal grating relief, it turned out to be rather difficult to optimize the etch depth of the grating and the cap layer outside of the relief to achieve polarization control and mode control at the same time. Therefore, analogous to the inverted relief, 23,24 we proposed the inverted grating relief technique and demonstrated it for VCSELs with 760 and 850 nm emission wavelength. 25,26 Since previously the main attention was paid to the polarization control but the overall performance of the devices had not been discussed, we will present it in the following for 850 nm VCSELs with an inverted grating relief.…”

Section: Inverted Grating Relief Vcselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of polarization-stable single- and multi-mode surface grating VCSELs towards high fabrication tolerance and superior performance

2006

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Monolithically integrated surface gratings have proven to control the polarization of vertical-cavity surfaceemitting lasers (VCSELs) very reliably and effectively. To overcome the drawbacks of these devices with respect to threshold current or differential quantum efficiency we will present in this paper monolithically integrated surface gratings with a modified longitudinal position relative to the standing wave inside the laser cavity. It turns out that an optimum is reached for an additional quarter-wave layer on top of the upper Bragg mirror. In that way the diffraction from the grating and therefore its influence on the other laser properties like threshold, differential quantum efficiency or maximum output power can be reduced significantly, while the polarization control is still maintained. At the same time the requirements on the fabrication accuracy are very relaxed. 118 out of 120 fabricated devices with grating periods between 0.5 and 1.2 µm and grating depths between 35 and 105 nm exhibit a stable polarization orthogonal to the grating grooves. If one limits the lateral extension of the grating to a diameter smaller than the oxide aperture of the laser, the single-mode output power can be increased simultaneously.

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Single-mode VCSELs

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single‐mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF

54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single‐mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF

Towards VCSEL-based integrated optical traps for biomedical applications

Optimization of polarization-stable single- and multi-mode surface grating VCSELs towards high fabrication tolerance and superior performance

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