Single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD209 gene is associated with human predisposition to severe forms of tick-borne encephalitis

Barkhash, Andrey V.; Perelygin, Andrey A.; Babenko, Vladimir N.; Brinton, Margo A.; Воевода, М. И.

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.10.017

Cited by 78 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is supported by experiments that demonstrated increased WNV binding to DC-SIGN when the E protein was mutated to introduce glycosylation at residue 67 (Davis et al, 2006a). However, this may not represent the sole means for glycosylated flaviviruses to interact with DC-SIGN as it does not account for the observed impact of polymorphisms on TBEV infection (Barkhash et al, 2012) or the ability of WT glycosylated WNV to use it as a receptor (Davis et al, 2006b;Martina et al, 2008), as both viruses only contain the N154 glycan. It may be that high-mannose glycosylation of arthropodderived flavivirus virions facilitates better DC-SIGN interaction with the N153/4 residue (Davis et al, 2006b;Navarro-Sanchez et al, 2003).…”

Section: Glycan Modificationsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…This lectin receptor recognizes high-mannose glycans and fructose-containing Lewis x antigens (Koppel et al, 2005) and has been demonstrated as a primary cellular attachment moiety for DENV and WNV (Davis et al, 2006a, b;Kwan et al, 2008;Lozach et al, 2005;Martina et al, 2008;Navarro-Sanchez et al, 2003;Tassaneetrithep et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2011). Polymorphisms within the promoter encoding DC-SIGN have also been associated with severe TBEV infection in humans (Barkhash et al, 2012). Cryoelectron microscopy reconstructions of DENV E bound to the dependent carbohydrate recognition domain of DC-SIGN have demonstrated that the glycans attached to N67 in E protein rather than those on the flavivirus-conserved N153/4 residue are required for virus binding (Pokidysheva et al, 2006).…”

Section: Glycan Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-translational regulation and modifications of flavivirus structural proteins

Roby

Setoh

Hall

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

102

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Flaviviruses are a group of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that generally circulate between arthropod vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts, producing significant human and veterinary disease burdens. Intensive research efforts have broadened our scientific understanding of the replication cycles of these viruses and have revealed several elegant and tightly co-ordinated post-translational modifications that regulate the activity of viral proteins. The three structural proteins in particular -capsid (C), pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) -are subjected to strict regulatory modifications as they progress from translation through virus particle assembly and egress. The timing of proteolytic cleavage events at the C-prM junction directly influences the degree of genomic RNA packaging into nascent virions. Proteolytic maturation of prM by host furin during Golgi transit facilitates rearrangement of the E proteins at the virion surface, exposing the fusion loop and thus increasing particle infectivity. Specific interactions between the prM and E proteins are also important for particle assembly, as prM acts as a chaperone, facilitating correct conformational folding of E. It is only once prM/E heterodimers form that these proteins can be secreted efficiently. The addition of branched glycans to the prM and E proteins during virion transit also plays a key role in modulating the rate of secretion, pH sensitivity and infectivity of flavivirus particles. The insights gained from research into post-translational regulation of structural proteins are beginning to be applied in the rational design of improved flavivirus vaccine candidates and make attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics. FlavivirusesThe genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae comprises small, enveloped viruses with non-segmented genomes consisting of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA. These RNA genomes are flanked by 59 and 39 untranslated regions (UTRs) and encode a single polyprotein that is cleaved coand post-translationally to generate between 10 and 11 viral proteins. The 59 UTR contains a type 1 m 7 GpppNm cap structure and the 39 UTR lacks a polyadenylated tail. Structural elements within the UTRs regulate genome replication, translation and host immune responses. Viral proteins are divided between structural proteins, which form the virion, and non-structural proteins, which are involved in genomic replication and modulating host immunity (Fig. 1a) (Lindenbach et al., 2007;Roby et al., 2012).Flaviviruses are maintained predominantly in natural transmission cycles between vertebrate reservoir species (normally mammalian or avian) and haematophagous arthropod vectors (mosquitoes or ticks). Notable exceptions are the viruses that are maintained solely in mosquito hosts (insectspecific flaviviruses) and viruses with no known invertebrate vector (Cook et al., 2012;Mackenzie et al., 2004). As of 2013, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses has classified 53 different viral species as belonging to ...

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Section: Glycan Modificationsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Glycan Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-translational regulation and modifications of flavivirus structural proteins

Roby

Setoh

Hall

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

102

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“…In this study, we described the frequency of CD209 SNP -336A/G in a population from Piauí State, located in northeastern Brazil. This SNP has been associated with infectious diseases of different etiologies, notably those of viral origin (Kashima et al, 2009;Chan et al, 2010;Ryan et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2011;Barkhash et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Wang et al (2011) reported that CD209 expression in individuals with the AG genotype was higher than in individuals with the AA genotype, leading to higher expression of DC-SIGN on the surface of DCs in subjects harboring allele -366G. Thus, CD209 has been extensively studied for its influence on the susceptibility to various infectious diseases (Olesen et al, 2007;Kashima et al, 2009;Chan et al, 2010;Barkhash et al, 2012;Xavier-Carvalho et al, 2013). The first evidence of a relationship between the CD209 SNP -336A/G and disease susceptibility was documented in a study by Martin et al (2004), which showed that the risk of parenteral HIV infection was higher in subjects with allele -336G.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the SNPs of interest are those located in the promoter region of CD209. These SNPs can influence the affinity of transcription factors and thus affect the expression of the DC-SIGN receptor (Barreiro et al, 2006;Barkhash et al, 2012;Alagarasu et al, 2013). One of the most well-studied SNPs is a nucleotide transition from adenine (A) to guanine (G) at position -336 (-336A/G, rs4804803) in the promoter region of CD209 (Barreiro et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of SNP -336A/G in the promoter region of CD209 in a population from northeastern Brazil

Pn¹,

Ferreira-Fernandes²,

Js³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the initiation of the immune response against a variety of pathogens. The DC-SIGN receptor is encoded by the gene CD209 and is expressed on the surface of DCs. It binds to mannose-rich carbohydrates and enables the recognition of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. SNP -336A/G in the promoter region of CD209 influences the expression of the DC-SIGN receptor. Several studies have associated this SNP with an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and the development of more severe forms of disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SNP -336A/G in a population from northeastern Brazil. We analyzed 181 individuals from the general population of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil, of which 37% were men and 63% were women. SNP -336A/G was detected by polymerase chain reaction and treatment with the restriction enzyme MscI and visualized by electrophoresis on an 8% polyacrylamide gel stained with silver nitrate. Of the individuals analyzed, 116 (64.1%) were homozygous AA, 57 (31.5%) were heterozygous (AG), and 8 (4.4%) were homozygous GG. The allele frequency of -336G was 20.2%. Genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the frequency of the CD209 SNP -336A/G in a population in the State of Piauí. Further studies are needed to determine the relationship between this SNP and the vulnerability of this population to major infectious diseases.

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Viral Infections of the Human Nervous System

Jackson¹

2013

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Single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the CD209 gene is associated with human predisposition to severe forms of tick-borne encephalitis

Cited by 78 publications

References 23 publications

Post-translational regulation and modifications of flavivirus structural proteins

Post-translational regulation and modifications of flavivirus structural proteins

Frequency of SNP -336A/G in the promoter region of CD209 in a population from northeastern Brazil

Viral Infections of the Human Nervous System

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