Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Influenced the Age Onset of Parkinson's Disease

Abstract

Background: Earlier studies reported alterations of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD). The first rate-limiting enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan dioxygenase were observed upregulated, resulting elevated KYN/TRP ratios in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with PD. More and more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in a population of PD. However, little is known about the impact of genetic variations of the IDO on the pathogenesis of PD. Methods: SNP analysis of IDO1 was performed by allelic discrimination assay with fluorescently labelled TaqMan probes and a subgroup analysis was conducted according to the age of PD onset. The frame shifts variant rs34155785, intronic variant rs7820268, and promotor region variant rs9657182 SNPs of 105 PD patients without comorbidity were analyzed and compared to 129 healthy controls. Results: No significant correlation was found in three SNPs between PD patients and healthy controls. However, the subgroup analysis revealed that A alleles of rs7820268 SNP or rs9657182 SNP carriers contribute to later onset of PD than non-carriers. Conclusions: The study suggested that SNPs of IDO1 influenced the age onset of PD and genotyping of SNPs in certain alleles potentially serves as a risk biomarker of PD.

Integrating Armchair, Bench, and Bedside Research for Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry: Editorial

“…An increasing number of studies have focused on the fact that the tryptophan (Trp)–kynurenine (KYN) metabolic system not only plays a role in the pathogenesis of diseases but also serves as a potential biomarker for environmental health [ 46 , 47 ]. The Trp–KYN metabolic system refers to a group of endogenous bioactive metabolites arising via the KYN metabolic pathway from an essential amino acid Trp.…”

Exploring Novel Therapeutic Targets in the Common Pathogenic Factors in Migraine and Neuropathic Pain

“…Another endogenous metabolic system attracting increasing attention for the discovery of analgesic targets is the Trp-KYN metabolic system, which is responsible for the overexcitation of the glutamate nervous system. Monitoring the levels and the ratios of KYN metabolites may be of beneficial use for diagnostic biomarkers and thus, the KYN metabolic system may serve as a potential therapeutic target [ 229 , 230 , 231 , 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 ]. Several clinical studies have reported the status of glutamic acid in different tissue samples taken from migraineurs, but the results remain inconclusive.…”

A meta-analysis of the effect of multidisciplinary comprehensive care on health-related quality of life and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale in Parkinson’s disease

“…7 Understanding motor symptoms as motor control abnormalities means identifying how the disease disrupts normal control processes. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In the case of PD, movement slowness, for example, would be explained by a disruption of the control processes that determine normal movement speed. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The capacity to manage behaviors can be impacted by emotions.…”