Single nucleotide polymorphisms of taste genes and caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chisini, Luiz Alexandre; Cademartori, Mariana Gonzalez; Conde, Marcus Cristian Muniz; Costa, Francine dos Santos; Salvi, Luana Carla; Tovo‐Rodrigues, Luciana; Corrêa, Marcos Britto

doi:10.1080/00016357.2020.1832253

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A meta-analysis study suggested that TAS2R38 rs713598 SNP might play an essential role in caries. 31 However, our study did not show significant results in any of the 3 SNPs, which is similar to a study by Shimomura-Kuroki et al 32 Since the TAS2R38 gene haplotype analysis includes the genotype analysis, the results regarding haplotypes are more critical. 33 The physiology of taste has not been fully clarified to date, although the possible effect of the biological mechanism of taste on tooth decay and obesity appears to be worth investigating.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationship between the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 polymorphisms and the dental status in obese children

Kiliç¹,

Gürbüz²,

Kahraman³

et al. 2022

Dent. Med. Probl.

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Background. The sweet taste and bitter taste genes are thought to have an influence on obesity and caries, which are chronic diseases.Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the polymorphisms of TAS2R38 (the bitter taste gene) and TAS1R2 (the sweet taste gene), which are the most important members of the taste gene family, on the dental status of obese and normal-weight children. Material and methods.The study included 78 healthy children and 100 children diagnosed with obesity (5-16 years old). The anthropometric measurements and dental status of the children were evaluated. The decayed, missing and filled permanent/primary teeth (DMFT/dmft) index was determined using the standard methods recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Blood samples were collected from all subjects and were analyzed via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, with the use of specific primers for the genetic analysis. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 genes were investigated. The truncated Poisson and truncated negative binomial modeling approaches were used with regard to the data.Results. The DMFT/dmft scores were low in obese children and high in children who did not sense the bitter taste (non-tasters). While obese non-taster children had increased DMFT/dmft scores, normalweight non-taster children had decreased DMFT/dmft scores.Conclusions. The alanine, valine and isoleucine (AVI) as well as proline, alanine and valine (PAV) haplotypes of the TAS2R38 gene are associated with the DMFT/dmft index and obesity. This study showed that the DMFT/dmft scores were decreased in obese children. According to the haplotype analysis of the TAS2R38 gene, the DMFT/dmft scores were increased in non-tasters. When differentiating obese nontasters and control non-tasters, DMFT/dmft increased in obese non-taster patients, while it decreased in control non-taster patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Relationship between the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 polymorphisms and the dental status in obese children

Kiliç¹,

Gürbüz²,

Kahraman³

et al. 2022

Dent. Med. Probl.

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“…In parallel, numerous studies have described the influence of host genetic polymorphisms on susceptibility to oral diseases ( Piekoszewska-Ziętek et al., 2017 ; Kozak et al., 2020 ). Similarly, taste receptor SNPs not only determine the distinct taste perception capacities and thus affect food preferences, but also shape the recognition of microbial metabolites, leading to different levels of immune defense in response to specific oral microbes ( Chisini et al., 2021 ). Taste receptor genotypic and phenotypic variations may have potential implications in predicting susceptibility to oral disease and the efficacy of therapy, thereby facilitating the development of personalized treatment based on individual receptor genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiota-Host Interaction Mediated by Taste Receptors

Dong

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Taste receptors, originally identified in taste buds, function as the periphery receptors for taste stimuli and play an important role in food choice. Cohort studies have revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms of taste receptors such as T1R1, T1R2, T2R38 are associated with susceptibility to oral diseases like dental caries. Recent studies have demonstrated the wide expression of taste receptors in various tissues, including intestinal epithelia, respiratory tract, and gingiva, with an emerging role of participating in the interaction between mucosa surface and microorganisms via monitoring a wide range of metabolites. On the one hand, individuals with different oral microbiomes exhibited varied taste sensitivity, suggesting a potential impact of the oral microbiota composition on taste receptor function. On the other hand, animal studies and in vitro studies have uncovered that a variety of oral cells expressing taste receptors such as gingival solitary chemosensory cells, gingival epithelial cells (GECs), and gingival fibroblasts can detect bacterial signals through bitter taste receptors to trigger host innate immune responses, thus regulating oral microbial homeostasis. This review focuses on how taste receptors, particularly bitter and sweet taste receptors, mediate the oral microbiota-host interaction as well as impact the occurrence and development of oral diseases. Further studies delineating the role of taste receptors in mediating oral microbiota-host interaction will advance our knowledge in oral ecological homeostasis establishment, providing a novel paradigm and treatment target for the better management of dental infectious diseases.

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“…The enamel phenotypes ( Figure 1 ) are diverse, with a decreased amount (enamel hypoplasia) and reduced mineral content (enamel hypomineralization) being the predominate malformations observed. Non-pathological variants, such as SNPS in genes coding for proteins that contribute to enamel formation (e.g., AMELX ), have been associated with dental caries, presumably due to subtle changes in the enamel structure and composition [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are common in the general population (up to 80%) and vary markedly in phenotype with a variety of hypoplastic and hypomineralized defects [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Normal Enamel Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enamel Phenotypes: Genetic and Environmental Determinants

Wright

2023

Genes

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Dental enamel is a specialized tissue that has adapted over millions of years of evolution to enhance the survival of a variety of species. In humans, enamel evolved to form the exterior protective layer for the crown of the exposed tooth crown. Its unique composition, structure, physical properties and attachment to the underlying dentin tissue allow it to be a resilient, although not self-repairing, tissue. The process of enamel formation, known as amelogenesis, involves epithelial-derived cells called ameloblasts that secrete a unique extracellular matrix that influences the structure of the mineralizing enamel crystallites. There are over 115 known genetic conditions affecting amelogenesis that are associated with enamel phenotypes characterized by either a reduction of enamel amount and or mineralization. Amelogenesis involves many processes that are sensitive to perturbation and can be altered by numerous environmental stressors. Genetics, epigenetics, and environment factors can influence enamel formation and play a role in resistance/risk for developmental defects and the complex disease, dental caries. Understanding why and how enamel is affected and the enamel phenotypes seen clinically support diagnostics, prognosis prediction, and the selection of treatment approaches that are appropriate for the specific tissue defects (e.g., deficient amount, decreased mineral, reduced insulation and hypersensitivity). The current level of knowledge regarding the heritable enamel defects is sufficient to develop a new classification system and consensus nosology that effectively communicate the mode of inheritance, molecular defect/pathway, and the functional aberration and resulting enamel phenotype.

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms of taste genes and caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Relationship between the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 polymorphisms and the dental status in obese children

Relationship between the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 polymorphisms and the dental status in obese children

Oral Microbiota-Host Interaction Mediated by Taste Receptors

Enamel Phenotypes: Genetic and Environmental Determinants

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