Single photon light detector for deep ocean applications

Matsuno, S.; Babson, J.; Learned, J. G.; O’Connor, Daniel; Grieder, P. K. F.; Kitamura, T.; Mitsui, K.; Ōhashi, Y.; Okada, Atsushi; Clem, J.; Webster, Michael S.; Wilson, C.

doi:10.1016/0168-9002(89)90652-9

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…18 shows the angular distribution of the flux of downgoing muons, I(θ µ ), as obtained from eq.3. In order to illustrate the stability of the method with respect to cuts biasing the measured angular distribution, the flux is shown for samples defined by different majority triggers (N hit > 8, 10,12,14,16,18). Apart from the point closest to the horizon which is not only most strongly biased but also has the lowest statistics, deviations are within 25%.…”

Section: Angular Dependence Of the Muon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AMANDA neutrino telescope: principle of operation and first results

Andrés¹,

Askebjer²,

Barwick³

et al. 2000

Astroparticle Physics

216

100

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AMANDA is a high-energy neutrino telescope presently under construction at the geographical South Pole. In the Antarctic summer 1995/96, an array of 80 optical modules (OMs) arranged on 4 strings (AMANDA-B4) was deployed at depths between 1.5 and 2 km. In this paper we describe the design and performance of the AMANDA-B4 prototype, based on data collected between February and November 1996. Monte Carlo simulations of the detector response to down-going atmospheric muon tracks show that the global behavior of the detector is understood. We describe the data analysis method and present first results on atmospheric muon reconstruction and separation of neutrino candidates. The AMANDA array was upgraded with 216 OMs on 6 new strings in 1996/97 (AMANDA-B10), and 122 additional OMs on 3 strings in 1997/98.

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Section: Angular Dependence Of the Muon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AMANDA neutrino telescope: principle of operation and first results

Andrés¹,

Askebjer²,

Barwick³

et al. 2000

Astroparticle Physics

216

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The construction of the first underwater telescope began as the DUMAND ( Deep Underwater Muon And Neutrino Detector) project [12,13] in 1976 near the Hawaii island. Although in 1995 the project was canceled, it uncovered many deployment issues which had to be addressed by following telescopes in the next decades.…”

Section: Short Story Of Neutrino Telescopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy—Baikal-GVD Neutrino Telescope in Lake Baikal

et al. 2021

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High-energy neutrino astronomy is a fascinating new field of research, rapidly developing over recent years. It opens a new observation window on the most violent processes in the universe, fitting very well to the concept of multi-messenger astronomy. This may be exemplified by the recent discovery of the high-energy neutrino emissions from the γ-ray loud blazar TXS 0506+056. Constraining astrophysical neutrino fluxes can also help to understand the long-standing mystery of the origin of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Astronomical studies of high-energy neutrinos are carried out by large-scale next-generation neutrino telescopes located in different regions of the world, forming a global network of complementary detectors. The Baikal-GVD, being currently the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern Hemisphere and still growing up, is an important constituent of this network. This paper briefly reviews working principles, analysis methods, and some selected results of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope.

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“…The motivation for testing the windows under water is due to the increasing range of subaquatic system monitoring devices which rely on optics and thus require clean windows to function effectively [5][6][7][8]. Sub-aquatic systems include vehicles, tidal power turbines, communication links, pipelines and oil well heads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol-Gel Coatings for Subaquatic Self-Cleaning Windows

Greer

Moodie²,

Kerr

et al. 2020

Crystals

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Self-cleaning windows are well known for their ability to function with airborne pollutants, but there is a growing industry for semi-permanent subaquatic optical devices, where the performance of such windows should be considered. Here sol-gel technology is explored as a means of producing self-cleaning, subaquatic, sapphire windows. We demonstrate removal of marine bacteria and, in the worst-case contamination scenario, dead North Sea crude oil (API 35). This greasy contaminant was smeared across the windows to effectively reduce optical transmission strength to just 54%. The titania-based sol-gel-coated windows can restore transmission to within 10% of the clean value in less than one day, unlike standard sapphire windows, which lose 68% transmission following contamination and aquatic submergence over the same duration. A range of theories to enhance the self-cleaning performance of the sol-gel coating were explored, but none of the tested variables were able to provide any enhancement for subaquatic performance.

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Single photon light detector for deep ocean applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

The AMANDA neutrino telescope: principle of operation and first results

The AMANDA neutrino telescope: principle of operation and first results

High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy—Baikal-GVD Neutrino Telescope in Lake Baikal

Sol-Gel Coatings for Subaquatic Self-Cleaning Windows

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