Single-Pulse X-ray Acoustic Computed Tomographic Imaging for Precision Radiation Therapy

González, Gilberto; Prather, Kiana Y.; Pandey, Prabodh Kumar; Sun, Leshan; Caron, Joseph; Wang, Siqi; Ahmad, Salahuddin; Xiang, Liangzhong; Chen, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.adro.2023.101239

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This opens up the possibility for XACT to be used in radiation therapy monitoring. 4,5 XACT also has potential applications in both non-destructive testing 6 and medicine. 4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] XACT imaging's development is linked to important moments in the history of X-ray imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography and its applications in biomedicine

Yan,

Xiang

2023

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Significance: X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT) offers a promising approach to biomedical imaging, leveraging X-ray absorption contrast. It overcomes the shortages of traditional X-ray, allowing for more advanced medical imaging.Aim: The review focuses on the significance and draws onto the potential applications of XACT to demonstrate it as an innovative imaging technique Approach: This review navigates the expanding landscape of XACT imaging within the biomedical sphere. Integral topics addressed encompass the refinement of imaging systems and the advancement in image reconstruction algorithms. The review particularly emphasizes XACT's significant biomedical applications.Results: Key uses, such as breast imaging, bone density maps for osteoporosis, and X-ray molecular imaging, are highlighted to demonstrate the capability of XACT. A unique niche for XACT imaging is its application in in vivo dosimetry during radiotherapy, which has been validated on patients.Conclusions: Because of its unique property, XACT has great potential in biomedicine and non-destructive testing. We conclude by casting light on potential future avenues in this promising domain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 XACT also has potential applications in both non-destructive testing 6 and medicine. 4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] XACT imaging's development is linked to important moments in the history of X-ray imaging. It emerged after computed tomography (CT) and the discovery of ultrasound caused by X-ray in 1983.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography and its applications in biomedicine

Yan,

Xiang

2023

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Toward real‐time, volumetric dosimetry for FLASH‐capable clinical synchrocyclotrons using protoacoustic imaging

Wang,

Gonzalez,

Owen

et al. 2024

Medical Physics

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BackgroundFast low angle shot hyperfractionation (FLASH) radiotherapy (RT) holds promise for improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects but poses challenges in radiation delivery accuracy due to its ultra‐high dose rates. This necessitates the development of novel imaging and verification technologies tailored to these conditions.PurposeOur study explores the effectiveness of proton‐induced acoustic imaging (PAI) in tracking the Bragg peak in three dimensions and in real time during FLASH proton irradiations, offering a method for volumetric beam imaging at both conventional and FLASH dose rates.MethodsWe developed a three‐dimensional (3D) PAI technique using a 256‐element ultrasound detector array for FLASH dose rate proton beams. In the study, we tested protoacoustic signal with a beamline of a FLASH‐capable synchrocyclotron, setting the distal 90% of the Bragg peak around 35 mm away from the ultrasound array. This configuration allowed us to assess various total proton radiation doses, maintaining a consistent beam output of 21 pC/pulse. We also explored a spectrum of dose rates, from 15 Gy/s up to a FLASH rate of 48 Gy/s, by administering a set number of pulses. Furthermore, we implemented a three‐dot scanning beam approach to observe the distinct movements of individual Bragg peaks using PAI. All these procedures utilized a proton beam energy of 180 MeV to achieve the maximum possible dose rate.ResultsOur findings indicate a strong linear relationship between protoacoustic signal amplitudes and delivered doses (R2 = 0.9997), with a consistent fit across different dose rates. The technique successfully provided 3D renderings of Bragg peaks at FLASH rates, validated through absolute Gamma index values.ConclusionsThe protoacoustic system demonstrates effectiveness in 3D visualization and tracking of the Bragg peak during FLASH proton therapy, representing a notable advancement in proton therapy quality assurance. This method promises enhancements in protoacoustic image guidance and real‐time dosimetry, paving the way for more accurate and effective treatments in ultra‐high dose rate therapy environments.

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Real-time tracking of the Bragg peak during proton therapy via 3D protoacoustic Imaging in a clinical scenario

Wang,

Gonzalez,

Sun

et al. 2024

npj Imaging

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Proton radiotherapy favored over X-ray photon therapy due to its reduced radiation exposure to surrounding healthy tissues, is highly dependent on the accurate positioning of the Bragg peak. Existing methods like PET and prompt gamma imaging to localize Bragg peak face challenges of low precision and high complexity. Here we introduce a 3D protoacoustic imaging with a 2D matrix array of 256 ultrasound transducers compatible with 256 parallel data acquisition channels provides real-time imaging capability (up to 75 frames per second with 10 averages), achieving high precision (5 mm/5% Gamma index shows accuracy better than 95.73%) at depths of tens of centimeters. We have successfully implemented this method in liver treatment with 5 pencil beam scanning and in prostate cancer treatment on a human torso phantom using a clinical proton machine. This demonstrates its capability to accurately identify the Bragg peak in practical clinical scenarios. It paves the way for adaptive radiotherapy with real-time feedback, potentially revolutionizing radiotherapy by enabling closed-loop treatment for improved patient outcomes.

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Single-Pulse X-ray Acoustic Computed Tomographic Imaging for Precision Radiation Therapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography and its applications in biomedicine

X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography and its applications in biomedicine

Toward real‐time, volumetric dosimetry for FLASH‐capable clinical synchrocyclotrons using protoacoustic imaging

Real-time tracking of the Bragg peak during proton therapy via 3D protoacoustic Imaging in a clinical scenario

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