Over the past years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, mobile robots have appeared in more and more fields. Different types of robots play different roles. Due to the complex indoor environment, there are still many technical problems to be solved for robots. Aiming at the shortcomings of single sensor, low mileage accuracy, and poor security in traditional mobile robot navigation systems, we propose a mobile robot autonomous navigation system based on multi-sensor perception. This system integrates mainstream synchronous positioning and mapping algorithms, path planning algorithms, and positioning algorithms, and uses multiple sensors to compensate each other to achieve the automatic navigation function of the mobile robot. In order to verify the reliability of the method, We have carried out multi angle analysis in the simulation environment, and the experimental results show that the proposed navigation system is reliable in operation, high in mileage accuracy, and good in robustness, which broadens the application scenario of mobile robots.