Single-Session Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Affects Postural Control Learning and Cerebellar Brain Inhibition in Healthy Individuals
“…In this regard, Katagiri et al (2021) indicated that a single session of cerebellar c-tDCS and a-tDCS could suppress the skill acquisition of postural stability in healthy individuals (Katagiri et al, 2021). Katagiri et al showed the outperformance of a-tDCS over c-tDCS in the induction of positive postural stability changes (Katagiri et al, 2021). Andrade et al (2017) indicated that both c-tDCS and a-tDCS could reduce the number of falls and improve lower limb function during gait and postural tasks following acute stroke (Andrade et al, 2017).…”
Deficits in postural stability in response to environmental challenges are seen in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with high fear of pain (HFP). Hence, it is essential to follow effective approaches to treat postural stability deficits and improve the health status of these patients. The current study aimed to compare the effects of cathodal and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c‐tDCS and a‐tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on postural stability in non‐specific CLBP patients with HFP. In this randomized clinical trial study, 75 patients were randomly assigned to left DLPFC a‐tDCS, left DLPFC c‐tDCS and sham stimulation groups (n = 25 in each group). All groups received a single‐session 2 mA tDCS for 20 min, but the stimulation was slowly turned off after 30 s in the sham group. Before, immediately, 24 h and 1 week after the interventions, postural stability indices were assessed using a Biodex Balance System. A significant reduction in most indices was shown in both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS groups after interventions (immediately, 24 h and 1 week follow‐up) during static and dynamic postural tasks compared with the sham tDCS group (p < .01). In addition, some tests showed a significant difference between a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS (p < .05). The findings indicated positive effects of both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS on the left DLPFC, with more efficacy of a‐tDCS on postural stability in LBP patients with HFP.
“…In this regard, Katagiri et al (2021) indicated that a single session of cerebellar c-tDCS and a-tDCS could suppress the skill acquisition of postural stability in healthy individuals (Katagiri et al, 2021). Katagiri et al showed the outperformance of a-tDCS over c-tDCS in the induction of positive postural stability changes (Katagiri et al, 2021). Andrade et al (2017) indicated that both c-tDCS and a-tDCS could reduce the number of falls and improve lower limb function during gait and postural tasks following acute stroke (Andrade et al, 2017).…”
Deficits in postural stability in response to environmental challenges are seen in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with high fear of pain (HFP). Hence, it is essential to follow effective approaches to treat postural stability deficits and improve the health status of these patients. The current study aimed to compare the effects of cathodal and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c‐tDCS and a‐tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on postural stability in non‐specific CLBP patients with HFP. In this randomized clinical trial study, 75 patients were randomly assigned to left DLPFC a‐tDCS, left DLPFC c‐tDCS and sham stimulation groups (n = 25 in each group). All groups received a single‐session 2 mA tDCS for 20 min, but the stimulation was slowly turned off after 30 s in the sham group. Before, immediately, 24 h and 1 week after the interventions, postural stability indices were assessed using a Biodex Balance System. A significant reduction in most indices was shown in both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS groups after interventions (immediately, 24 h and 1 week follow‐up) during static and dynamic postural tasks compared with the sham tDCS group (p < .01). In addition, some tests showed a significant difference between a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS (p < .05). The findings indicated positive effects of both a‐tDCS and c‐tDCS on the left DLPFC, with more efficacy of a‐tDCS on postural stability in LBP patients with HFP.
“…Ehsani et al [ 11 ] investigated the effect of cerebellar a-tDCS on static and dynamic postural control in older individuals using a Biodex Balance System, and they revealed that the participants receiving cerebellar a-tDCS showed significantly reduced postural sway in anterior–posterior and medial–lateral directions. Similarly, combined with postural control training, cerebellar a-tDCS stimulation can improve the skill acquisition of postural control in young individuals [ 27 ]. As we previously mentioned, tDCS is a form of neuromodulation, which can modulate neural activity.…”
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) aims to hone motor skills and improve the quality of life. However, the non-repeatability of experimental results and the inconsistency of research conclusions have become a common phenomenon, which may be due to the imprecision of the experimental protocol, great variability of the participant characteristics within the group, and the irregularities of quantitative indicators. The aim of this study systematically summarised and analysed the effect of a-tDCS on lower extremity sensorimotor control under different experimental conditions. This narrative review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines until June 2022 in Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The findings of the present study demonstrated that a-tDCS can effectively improve the capabilities of lower extremity sensorimotor control, particularly in gait speed and time-on-task. Thus, a-tDCS can be used as an effective ergogenic technology to facilitate physical performance. In-depth and rigorous experimental protocol with larger sample sizes and combining brain imaging technology to explore the mechanism have a profound impact on the development of tDCS.
“…It seems, one possibility is that the degree of di culty in postural balance control tasks leads to different results. Previous studies investigated tDCS effects on postural balance control during static standing with open or closed eyes, open or closed legs, and stable or movable platform [35,36,41,42]. Additionally, most studies have focused on the immediate effects of tDCS on postural balance control, but one paper reported that the 10 sessions of anodal tDCS (2 mA) over M1 and physical therapy training improve ankle control and balance in stroke patients [43].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, while some studies reported favorable impact of this training technique on working memory as well as motor performance in children [32], adults [33,34,35], and the elderly [36,37], the results in this area are still inconsistent and others [38,39,40] failed to demonstrate positive effects of tDCS on cognitive and motor performance. For example, Kiminski et al [39] showed that a single session of anodal tDCS in the M1 region could not improve balance performance in the elderly.…”
Background
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has recently drawn attention as an inexpensive, painless, safe, and effective technique to improve motor performance and cognitive function in older adults. This quasi-experimentstudy examined the effects of a selected balance exercise combined with anodal tDCS on balance performance in older adults.
Methods
Twenty-four older adults (Mean age M±SD= 69.79±5.50) participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned into a real tDCS or sham tDCS groups. The participants in the real tDCS group received 2 mA anodal tDCS over the left primary motor cortex (M1) for 20 min. The participants performed a selected balance exercise program for 50 min following tDCS. Training was conducted 2 sessions per week for 8 weeks (16 sessions). Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up and go test (TUG) and working memory test (2-back task) were measured before (baseline), after 8 weeks of the training, and 4 weeks of follow-up.
Results
Compared to sham tDCS group, BBS and TUG were significantly improved in real tDCS group after the training and 4 weeks of follow-up, however, this intervention could not effect of working memory.
Conclusions
In sum, these results indicate that the selected balance exercise program combined with anodal tDCS can improve balance performance but not working memory in older adults.
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