Single session conditioning of the nictitating membrane in the rabbit: Effect of intertriai interval

Brelsford, John W.; Theios, John

doi:10.3758/bf03343340

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both have affected acquisition rates in nictitating membrane͞eyeblink conditioning (34)(35)(36). Therefore, to rule out the possibility of these two factors contributing to any observed learning rate differences between the experimental groups, two groups of yoked control animals were run (n ϭ 5 per group).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory brain states and learning: Impact of hippocampal theta-contingent training

Seager

Johnson

Chabot

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eyeblink classical conditioning is a relatively simple form of associative learning that has become an invaluable tool in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of learning. When studying rabbits in this paradigm, we observed a dramatic modification of learning rate by conducting training during episodes of either hippocampal theta or hippocampal non-theta activity as determined by on-line slow-wave spectral analysis. Specifically, if animals were given trials only when a computer analysis verified a predominance of slow-wave oscillations at theta frequencies (3-8 Hz), they learned in half as many trials as animals trained during non-theta hippocampal activity (58 vs. 115). This finding provides important evidence from awake, behaving animals that supports recent advances in our knowledge of (i) brain sites and neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory, specifically hippocampus and theta oscillations, (ii) the biological plausibility of current models of hippocampal function that posit important roles for oscillatory potentials, and (iii) the design of interfaces between biological and cybernetic (electronic) systems that can optimize cognitive processes and performance.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory brain states and learning: Impact of hippocampal theta-contingent training

Seager

Johnson

Chabot

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1969) and requires no further elaboration. (2) Prescinding for the moment from the decrement in conditioning for the 750-msec/60•sec group, it is clear that within each lSI value, performance increased with increasing ITT, although asymptotic levels were reached more rapidly with constant ITIs than had been previously reported with variable ITIs (e.g., Brelsford & Theios, 1965;Frey & Misfeldt, 1967).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Furthermore, the rabbit conditioning studies which have reported ITi effects over larger ranges have tended to involve single-session conditioning (e.g., Brelsford & Theios, 1965;Frey & Misfeldt. 1967, Experiment 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, however, Frey and Misfeldt (1967) found that when conditioning was accomplished in a single session, performance was poorer at an III of 120 sec than at several higher and lower values. Brelsford and Theios (1965) found single-session conditioning to be better at Ill-sec III than at 300-sec, although these investigators suggested an III by Session Length interaction to account for their data. Mis, Andrews, and Salafia (1970) found an interaction between III and lSI when constant IIIs of 60 and 300 sec were used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conditioning of the nictitating membrane response of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as a function of length and degree of variation of intertrial interval

Salafia

Mis

Terry

et al. 1973

Animal Learning & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study involved three experiments. The first. a parametric investigation of nictitating membrane conditioning with eight constant intertrial intervals (lTls) between 5 and 120 sec, orthogonal to interstimulus intervals (ISis) of 250 and 750 msec plus three temporal conditioning control groups, revealed that performance improved rapidly with increasing ITI but stabilized at relatively low ITI values. At 75Q-msec lSI, a decrement in performance was found at 60•sec IT!. Experiment II, using constant ITIs of 45-75 sec in 5-sec steps, at 75Q-mseclSI confirmed the trend toward a performance decrement around 60 sec, although the trend was weak and highly variable. Experiment III evaluated the differences in performance between constant and variable ITI, using three ITI values and three conditions of variation at each value. Findings were discussed in terms of differences in conditioning resulting from both length and degree of variation of ITI and some subtle effects which may emerge only when constant ITIs are used.

show abstract

“…These results were further interpreted in the context of yoked control groups, in which the inter-trial intervals (ITIs) were matched to T+ or T− subjects but theta was not specifically controlled. This was important because the number of trials per session and the inter-trial interval are known to affect learning rate [14,64,94,96,116]. These groups also allowed for some inferences to be made regarding the direction of the behavioral effect, namely that T− animals performed significantly worse than animals in which theta was unregulated, while T+ animals were not significantly different than either group of yoked controls.…”

Section: Theta-triggering Interface Development and Initial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal Theta-Based Brain Computer Interface

Hoffmann

Cicchese

Berry

2014

Brain-Computer Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Theta rhythm is a 3-12 Hz oscillatory potential observed in the hippocampus during cognitive processes ranging from spatial navigation to learning. The 3-7 Hz range occurs during immobility and depends upon the integrity of cholinergic forebrain systems. The amount of pre-training theta in the rabbit strongly predicts the acquisition rate of classical eyeblink conditioning and impairment of this system substantially slows the rate of learning. Recent experiments utilized a brain-computer interface that makes eyeblink training trials contingent upon the explicit presence or absence of hippocampal theta. Power spectral ratios based on continuous sampling of hippocampal local field potentials were used to ensure that each trial was triggered during the appropriate theta state. One group received training during high theta and the other during very low theta. The results have been consistent and substantial-theta-contingent training produces a two-to four-fold increase in learning speed, accompanied by striking differences in hippocampal, prefrontal and cerebellar electrophysiological patterns. Unlike many interfaces that serve as sensory or motor prostheses, our system appears to engage cognitive resources that accelerate the rate of associative learning. One mechanism for this improvement might be better coordination of the phase relationships in the essential circuitry that includes cerebellum, hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex, as well as brainstem nuclei necessary for the sensory and motor events during each trial. This chapter reviews such findings and proposes experiments that use this cognitive BCI to clarify the essential roles and coordination of structures in the distributed system that underlies eyeblink conditioning.

show abstract

Single session conditioning of the nictitating membrane in the rabbit: Effect of intertriai interval

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Oscillatory brain states and learning: Impact of hippocampal theta-contingent training

Oscillatory brain states and learning: Impact of hippocampal theta-contingent training

Conditioning of the nictitating membrane response of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as a function of length and degree of variation of intertrial interval

Hippocampal Theta-Based Brain Computer Interface

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About