Single-Shot Time-Resolved Measurements of Nanosecond-Scale Spin-Transfer Induced Switching: Stochastic Versus Deterministic Aspects

Devolder, T.; Hayakawa, Jun; Ito, K.; Takahashi, Hiromasa; Ikeda, Shoji; Crozat, P.; Zerounian, N.; Kim, Joo-Von; Chappert, C.; Ohno, Hideo

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.100.057206

Cited by 241 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…More importantly, the fact that the lowest mode is not the uniform mode, but an edge mode, will affect the magnetization reversal path in current-induced switching, favoring non-uniform reversal paths, as has already been concluded indirectly from reversal speed experiments. 39 …”

Section: B Low-field Behavior and Its Relevance For Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantized spin-wave modes in magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars

et al. 2010

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We present an experimental and theoretical study of the magnetic field dependence of the mode frequency of thermally excited spin waves in rectangular shaped nanopillars of lateral sizes 60 × 100, 75 × 150, and 105 × 190 nm 2 , patterned from MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions. The spin wave frequencies were measured using spectrally resolved electrical noise measurements. In all spectra, several independent quantized spin wave modes have been observed and could be identified as eigenexcitations of the free layer and of the synthetic antiferromagnet of the junction. Using a theoretical approach based on the diagonalization of the dynamical matrix of a system of three coupled, spatially confined magnetic layers, we have modeled the spectra for the smallest pillar and have extracted its material parameters. The magnetization and exchange stiffness constant of the CoFeB free layer are thereby found to be substantially reduced compared to the corresponding thin film values. Moreover, we could infer that the pinning of the magnetization at the lateral boundaries must be weak. Finally, the interlayer dipolar coupling between the free layer and the synthetic antiferromagnet causes mode anticrossings with gap openings up to 2 GHz. At low fields and in the larger pillars, there is clear evidence for strong non-uniformities of the layer magnetizations. In particular, at zero field the lowest mode is not the fundamental mode, but a mode most likely localized near the layer edges.

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Section: B Low-field Behavior and Its Relevance For Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantized spin-wave modes in magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars

et al. 2010

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“…It also has recently become possible to drive individual nanometer scale magnetic elements far from equilibrium using spin-currents and probe their dynamical response. However, most electronic transport studies focus on the excitation during the drive pulses 6,7 . Less is known about the relaxation processes following a pulse excitation.…”

Section: Pacs Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved magnetic relaxation of a nanomagnet on subnanosecond time scales

Liu

Bedau

Sun³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. B

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We present a two-current-pulse temporal correlation experiment to study the intrinsic subnanosecond nonequilibrium magnetic dynamics of a nanomagnet during and following a pulse excitation. This method is applied to a model spin-transfer system, a spin valve nanopillar with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Two-pulses separated by a short delay (< 500 ps) are shown to lead to the same switching probability as a single pulse with a duration that depends on the delay. This demonstrates a remarkable symmetry between magnetic excitation and relaxation and provides a direct measurement of the magnetic relaxation time. The results are consistent with a simple finite temperature Fokker-Planck macrospin model of the dynamics, suggesting more coherent magnetization dynamics in this short time nonequilibrium limit than near equilibrium.

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“…Electrical detection of spin dependent transport properties has been also applied for various structures [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . In particular, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in junction structures 8,9) have been intensively studied since in the structures magnetization can be manipulated by spin-polarized current. The anomalous Hall effect is another spin dependent transport measurement and has been used as a probe to detect magnetization behavior of perpendicularly magnetized lm because of its terminal geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding of magnetization behavior of magnetic nanostructures has become more important since behavior of those nanostructures dominate device properties. In order to study magnetization behavior of magnetic nanostructures, various measurement techniques had been developed for nanostructures [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] because the low sensitivity of conventional magnetometry is insuf cient to detect magnetization reversal of a single structures. Detection of magnetic ux would be the most straightforward method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous Hall Effect Measurement on Nanostructure with Magnetic Pulse Fields

2016

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Characterization of magnetic properties is one of the key issues for development of future magnetic and spintronic devices. The dimension and the operation frequency of those devices has reached nanoscale and GHz regime, respectively, so that it is required to realize new measurement technique with such sensitivity and time resolutions. The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) can be adopted as a probe capable to approach magnetization behavior in nanoscale structure. We have developed AHE measurement technique for nanostructure and investigated magnetization reversal behavior of perpendicularly magnetized dot in dynamic eld. In this article, we overview the capability of AHE measurement as a probe for magnetic characterization and the experimental results of magnetization behavior of Co/Pt multilayer dots in pulse elds with nanoseconds durations.

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Single-Shot Time-Resolved Measurements of Nanosecond-Scale Spin-Transfer Induced Switching: Stochastic Versus Deterministic Aspects

Cited by 241 publications

References 23 publications

Quantized spin-wave modes in magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars

Quantized spin-wave modes in magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars

Time-resolved magnetic relaxation of a nanomagnet on subnanosecond time scales

Anomalous Hall Effect Measurement on Nanostructure with Magnetic Pulse Fields

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