The hybridization of silver nanowires (AgNWs) and chemical
vapor
deposition (CVD)-based graphene is a promising strategy to produce
efficient transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for organic photovoltaics
(OPVs). In this work, we successfully demonstrate the coupling of
transfer-free graphene fabricated on glass using plasma-enhanced CVD
from a sustainable carbon source with AgNWs and hence avoided a multistep
procedure to transfer graphene and damages. The resulting hybrid TCEs
exhibit a lower sheet resistance compared to the pristine graphene.
In addition, the growth of vertically oriented-graphene nanosheets
suppresses the impact of the rough surface of AgNWs and increases
the area of interface between the TCE and the active layer. OPV devices
developed on the hybrid TCE with active layers, namely, P3HT: PCBM,
P3HT: PC70BM, and PM6: Y6, show a comparable performance
to the reference device. For instance, the P3HT:PCBM-based device
on the hybrid electrode exhibits a higher fill factor (0.63) and a
comparable power conversion efficiency (2.18%) to that of the ITO-counterpart
(0.60 and 2.22%, respectively). Similarly, the PM6:Y6-device fabricated
on the hybrid TCE demonstrates an efficiency (9.75%) analogous to
that on ITO (10.3%). The present work demonstrates an auspicious platform
toward sustainable and economic production of efficient transfer-free
graphene-based TCEs for OPVs.