and the tumor burden, while half of them were sacrified after 15 weeks to evaluate immune response, tumor borden, and organ toxicity. Dot blot analysis on mice serum showed the presence of IgG antibodies againt WT1 after vaccination with GST-WT1 protein 1 AD and GST-WT1 protein alone. By contrast, the antibodies were not present after injection of GST 1AD and PBS. (Fig. 1 panel C and D). Furthermore, cytotoxicity of T cells was evaluated by 51 Cr release test. In mice injected with GST-WT1 protein 1 AD the level of cytotoxixity was 30% 6 2 compared to 2% 6 0.5 (background level) in control mice. Finally, we examined the toxixity in organs which physiologically express WT1 al low levels: lymphonode, spleen, ovary, and kidney in vaccinated mice and controls. No toxicity was observed (Fig. 1 panel F). Hemocromocytometric analysis as well as BM smears (data not shown) excluded any kind of hematological toxicity. The mean Hb level was 13.9 gr/dL in vaccinated mice and 14.2 gr/dL in controls (P > 0.05), the median WBC count was 5135/ll in vaccinated mice and 6357//ll in controls (P > 0.05), the median platelet count was 1128000/ll in vaccinated mice and 1020000/ll in controls (P > 0.05). In conclusion, vaccination with WT1 protein induces a significant cytotoxic response and a potent antibody response. This results, at least in mice, in a significant reduction of the tumor borden. The median reduction of the volume of the tumor after 8 weeks of vacciantion is 62%. (Fig. 1 panel B). This strategy may allow to overcome some of the limits associated with peptide vaccination including the restriction of the HLA typing of the patient and the prevalent T CD8 1 response. This strategy allows to exploit the whole reactive potential of the immune system, both cytotoxic and humoral.