Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensor Platform for the Study of Extracellular Analytes

Stapleton, Joseph A.; Hofferber, Eric M.; Meier, Jakob; Ramirez, Ivon Acosta; Iverson, Nicole M.

doi:10.1021/acsanm.0c01998

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…60, 61 It may also find utility as in prior work in SWCNT-based sensing of extracellular analytes via sensor immobilization on a glass substrate upon which cells are cultured. 62 Further in vivo development may be possible through embedding the sensor within a semipermeable membrane or hydrogel. 63 We anticipate that a combination of these approaches may confer clinical utility in early-stage detection of chronic inflammatory diseases or rapid detection of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optical aptamer-based cytokine nanosensor detects macrophage activation by bacterial toxins

Ryan,

Rahman,

Williams

2024

Preprint

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Overactive or dysregulated cytokine expression is hallmark of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This is true for acute or chronic infection, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and others. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known therapeutic targets and biomarkers for such inflammatory diseases. Platforms for cytokine detection are therefore desirable tools for both research and clinical applications. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are versatile nanomaterials with near-infrared fluorescence that can serve as transducers for optical sensors. When functionalized with an analyte-specific recognition element, SWCNT emission may become sensitive and selective towards the desired target. SWCNT-aptamer sensors are easily assembled, inexpensive, and biocompatible. In this work, we introduced a nanosensor design based on SWCNT and a DNA aptamer specific to IL-6. We first evaluated several SWCNT-aptamer constructs based on this simple direct complexation method, wherein the aptamer both solubilizes the SWCNT and confers sensitivity to IL-6. The sensor limit of detection, 105 ng/mL, lies in the relevant range for pathological IL-6 levels. Upon investigation of sensor kinetics, we found rapid response within seconds of antigen addition which continued over the course of three hours. We found that this sensor construct is stable, and the aptamer is not displaced from the nanotube surface during IL-6 detection. Finally, we investigated the ability of this sensor construct to detect macrophage activation caused by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in an in vitro model of disease, finding rapid and sensitive detection of macrophage-expressed IL-6. We are confident further development of this sensor will have novel implications for diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, in addition to contributing to the understanding of the role of cytokines in these diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optical aptamer-based cytokine nanosensor detects macrophage activation by bacterial toxins

Ryan,

Rahman,

Williams

2024

Preprint

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“…A NIR fluorescent sensor provides several advantages compared to other methods such as HPLC, genetically encoded fluorescent probes or electrochemical methods 76,77 . HPLC offers high chemical sensitivity, but the temporal and especially spatial resolution is limited in addition to the invasiveness 76 .…”

Section: Ratiometric Imaging Of Dopamine Release From Neuronal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ratiometric Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Dopamine with 1D and 2D nanomaterials

Hill,

Mohr,

Sandvoss

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Neurotransmitters are released by neuronal cells to exchange information. Resolving their spatiotemporal patterns is crucial to understand chemical neurotransmission. Here, we present a ratiometric sensor for the neurotransmitter dopamine that combines Egyptian Blue (CaCuSi4O10) nanosheets (EB-NS) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). They both fluoresce in near infrared (NIR), which is beneficial due to ultra-low background and phototoxicity. (GT)10-DNA functionalized monochiral (6,5)-SWCNTs increase their fluorescence (1000 nm) in response to dopamine, while EB-NS serves as stable reference (936 nm). A robust ratiometric imaging scheme is implemented by directing these signals on two different NIR sensitive cameras. Additionally, we demonstrate stability against mechanical perturbations and image dopamine release from differentiated dopaminergic Neuro 2a cells. Therefore, this technique enables robust ratiometric and non-invasive imaging of cellular responses.

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“…The SWNT sensors were adhered to a glass slide using a previously described method [65]. Briefly, the glass slides were treated over the course of five days with piranha solution, 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxy-silane (GPTMS), and avidin, before incubating with biotinylated SWNT (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA and Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralville, IA, USA) [65].…”

Section: Attachment Of Swnt To Glass Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Nitric Oxide Concentration Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensors

et al. 2021

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Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical present in biological systems, can have many detrimental effects on the body, from inflammation to cancer. Due to NO’s short half-life, detection and quantification is difficult. The inability to quantify NO has hindered researchers’ understanding of its impact in healthy and diseased conditions. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), when wrapped in a specific single-stranded DNA chain, becomes selective to NO, creating a fluorescence sensor. Unfortunately, the correlation between NO concentration and the SWNT’s fluorescence intensity has been difficult to determine due to an inability to immobilize the sensor without altering its properties. Through the use of a recently developed sensor platform, systematic studies can now be conducted to determine the correlation between SWNT fluorescence and NO concentration. This paper explains the methods used to determine the equations that can be used to convert SWNT fluorescence into NO concentration. Through the use of the equations developed in this paper, an easy method for NO quantification is provided. The methods outlined in this paper will also enable researchers to develop equations to determine the concentration of other reactive species through the use of SWNT sensors.

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Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensor Platform for the Study of Extracellular Analytes

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

An optical aptamer-based cytokine nanosensor detects macrophage activation by bacterial toxins

An optical aptamer-based cytokine nanosensor detects macrophage activation by bacterial toxins

Ratiometric Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Dopamine with 1D and 2D nanomaterials

Quantification of Nitric Oxide Concentration Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Sensors

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