Singlemode optical waveguides using a high temperaturestable poylmer with low losses in the 1.55 µm range

Integrated Photonic Devices Incorporating Low-Loss Fluorinated Polymer Materials

“…By replacing the C-H bond with the C-F bond, one can reduce the optical loss and increase the thermal stability due to the heavy mass of fluorine and the higher bond strength of C-F bond. There have been various approaches to synthesizing low-loss optical polymers based on acrylates [15], polyimides [16], polyarylene ethers [17,18], and perfluorocyclobutane [19]. Among them, fluorinated UV-curable acrylates have been most actively investigated because of their convenient low temperature processing with UV curing.…”

“…An SEM photograph of the surface relief Bragg gratings formed on top of a polymer waveguide is shown in Figure 7. The core polymer used in this device was FPAE (fluorinated polyaniline ether) synthesized by our group [17], and the cladding was PFCB (perfluorocyclobutyl) produced by Dow Corning, Co. [19]. A 10 nm tuning range was demonstrated as an initial experimental result.…”

Science and technology of perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether polymers

“…30,51,63 Fischbeck et al 64 reported the first polymer waveguide using Nanocrystals and clusters such as quantum dots (QDs) are chemically synthesized semiconducting nanometer-sized crystalline particles, which exhibit unique optical and spectroscopic properties, such as broad absorption, narrow and tunable emission, resistance to photobleaching, efficient luminescence, and long luminescent lifetimes. 72 They are promising building blocks for a range of photonic applications, [73][74][75] as well as the immerging fields of medicinal and biological imaging applications.…”

Copolymerization and thermal study of the new methacrylate derivative of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

“…In the range of telecommunication wavelengths (1500-1600 nm), the transparency is increased by the replacement of a part of C-H bonds by C-F bonds [13], also providing refractive index tunability and a decrease in PMMAs sensitivity to moisture [14]. This problem can be solved by already-designed polymers including deuterated fluoromethacrylates or polysiloxanes [12,15], fluorinated polyimides [14,16], and perfluorocyclobutane aromatic ether polymers [17]. Unfortunately, these polymers are relatively expensive for both consumer and end user.…”