Given a vector bundle V of rank r over a curve X, we define and study a surjective rational map Hilb d (PV) Quot 0,d (V *) generalising the natural map Sym d X → Quot 0,d (OX). We then give a generalisation of the geometric Riemann-Roch theorem to vector bundles of higher rank over X. We use this to give a geometric description of the tangent cone to the higher rank Brill-Noether locus B k r,d at a suitable bundle E. This gives a generalisation of the Riemann-Kempf singularity theorem. As a corollary, if k = r and h 0 (X, E) = r + n, we show that the nth secant variety of the rank one locus of PEnd E is contained in the tangent cone to B r r,d .