Sinoaortic baroreflex system and early pressure rise in renal hypertensive rabbits

Alexander, Natalie; DeCuir, Marjorie

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1967.213.3.701

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…-The absence of the baroreceptor reflexes significantly accelerated the development of Goldblatt hypertension but did not affect the final level of arterial pressure 1 week after constriction. Alexander and DeCuir (23) did not show an effect of the baroreceptor reflex on the rate of development on renal hypertension; however, they did not measure arterial blood pressure during the first 24 hours and they applied a progressive hypertensive stimulus instead of the single-step renal artery constriction used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Renin, Aldosterone, Body Fluid Volumes, and the Baroreceptor Reflex in the Development and Reversal of Goldblatt Hypertension in Conscious Dogs

Liard

Cowley

McCaa

et al. 1974

Circulation Research

139

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The renal artery to a sole remaining kidney was constricted in unanesthetized dogs while renal arterial pressure was recorded distal to the occluder. Following the constriction, mean arterial blood pressure, which was continuously monitored 24 hours a day for 1 week, exhibited a biphasic increase. The first peak in pressure correlated with a large increase in plasma renin activity; the second peak correlated with an increase in plasma volume brought about by positive sodium and water balances. Renin activity was returning to normal when the second peak occurred. Increased drinking played a major role in the positive water balance. Plasma aldosterone concentration was moderately and transiently increased for only a few hours following the constriction. The experiment was repeated in sinoaortic baroreceptor-denervated dogs; apparently, the baroreceptor reflex significantly slows the time course of the arterial blood pressure increase during the first few days of constriction but does not alter the magnitude of the pressure increase after 1 week. After release of renal artery constriction, mean arterial blood pressure decreased progressively over a 3-day period, during which time significant negative sodium and fluid balance occurred. The slow return of the pressure back to normal correlated highly with a decrease in plasma volume. In the baroreceptor-denervated dogs, the initial fall in arterial blood pressure apparently also resulted at least partly from a decrease in plasma renin activity, but this effect was not observed in the intact dogs because the renin activities in these dogs had already decreased to normal prior to constrictor release. The effects of the baroreceptor reflex on the time course of the pressure decrease did not seem to be as significant as those on the time course of the pressure increase. KEY WORDSarterial blood pressure heart rate sodium space sodium potassium continuous data collection fluid balance studies plasma volume• The magnitude and the time course of the increase in mean arterial blood pressure following constriction of the renal artery to a sole remaining kidney (Goldblatt hypertension) depend on the interaction of a number of mechanisms: the release of renin by the kidney (1, 2), the retention of sodium and water, the expansion of fluid volumes (1, 3-6), the buffering action of the baroreceptor reflexes, and still other arterial blood pressure control systems are all involved. However, few studies

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Renin, Aldosterone, Body Fluid Volumes, and the Baroreceptor Reflex in the Development and Reversal of Goldblatt Hypertension in Conscious Dogs

Liard

Cowley

McCaa

et al. 1974

Circulation Research

139

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“…Clearly, establishing a new steady state takes time, so much so that the competing mechanism, reflex control of pressure by the carotid baroreceptor mechanism (21) is given ample opportunity to adapt to a new reality (1).…”

Section: Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphic format for teaching long-term control of systemic arterial pressure.

Faber

1996

Advances in Physiology Education

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Circulatory homeostasis is a difficult notion. The graphic format presented here facilitates the teaching of long-term control of systemic arterial blood pressure and cardiac output. It is based on the view that the following four "function curves" cooperate in long-term regulation: the relation between blood volume and ventricular filling pressure, the relation between ventricular filling pressure and cardiac output, the relation between cardiac output and peripheral resistance, and the relation between arterial pressure and natriuresis. Positioning the function curves in the format presented here clarifies their cooperativity. The distinction between a nonsteady state and a steady state deserves emphasis. Long-term pathophysiology of the circulation is most easily taught on the basis of the assumption that, generally, there will be a steady state. The format clarifies why some known physiological relations are almost impossible to demonstrate in the intact organism, and it discourages explanations of pathophysiology that are not firmly based on physiology.

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“…Reset baroreceptors or decreased baroreceptor sensitivity, usually evaluated by testing heart rate responses to acute increases in blood pressure, have been reported in many different models of hypertension, including humans with hypertension, 1 renal hypertensive dogs 2 " 5 and rabbits, 6 " 9 and the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 10 However, regulation of baroreceptor control of arterial pressure and vascular resistance during development of hypertension remains controversial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced responsiveness to carotid baroreceptor unloading in conscious dogs during development of perinephritic hypertension.

Kirby

Vatner

1987

Circulation Research

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The effects of unloading the carotid sinus baroreceptors before and during the development of perinephritic hypertension were studied in conscious dogs instrumented with aortic catheters to measure arterial pressure and heart rate, and electromagnetic flow probes to measure cardiac output and calculate total peripheral resistance. Prior to hypertension, bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) increased mean arterial pressure by 38 ± 2 from 101 ± 2 mm Hg and total peripheral resistance by 19 ± 2 from 46 ± 3 mm Hg/l/min, while cardiac output and heart rate did not change from 2,299 ± 128 ml/min and 84 ± 4 beats/mln, respectively. At 2 weeks after renal wrapping, there were significant increases in baseline mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance and decreases in heart rate; BCO increased mean arterial pressure by 59 ± 5 from 130 ± 4 mm Hg, heart rate by 36 ±5 beats/mln from 69 ±3 beats/min, and cardiac output by 458 ±103 from 2,711 ±239 ml/min. By 4 weeks after renal wrapping, heart rate and mean arterial pressure responses to BCO were approaching baseline levels. After /3-adrenergic receptor blockade, responses to BCO of mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were no longer significantly enhanced during the development of hypertension. Thus, in conscious dogs, reflex pressor responses to baroreceptor unloading via BCO were enhanced during the development of hypertension but no longer present 3 weeks later. The augmented mean arterial pressor responses to BCO were mediated by increases in cardiac output and heart rate, which in turn, appeared to be controlled by /3-adrenergic receptor mechanisms. (Circulation Research 1987;61:678-686)

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Sinoaortic baroreflex system and early pressure rise in renal hypertensive rabbits

Cited by 8 publications

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Renin, Aldosterone, Body Fluid Volumes, and the Baroreceptor Reflex in the Development and Reversal of Goldblatt Hypertension in Conscious Dogs

Renin, Aldosterone, Body Fluid Volumes, and the Baroreceptor Reflex in the Development and Reversal of Goldblatt Hypertension in Conscious Dogs

Graphic format for teaching long-term control of systemic arterial pressure.

Enhanced responsiveness to carotid baroreceptor unloading in conscious dogs during development of perinephritic hypertension.

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